PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE – THE HAMMER MURDERER NAME: John Doe (Alias: The Hammer Murderer) DATE OF BIRTH: Unknown (1925-1935) DATE OF REPORT: September 14, 2014 REASON OF PROFILE: Police request INSTANT OFFENSE: Mr Doe has killed several of his victims by blunt force trauma to the head by hammer, thus the reason of his alias. His victims were all caucasian females approximately the same age as Mr Doe. SOURCES OF INFORMATION: Main witness: A witness of Mr Doe’s latest kill on 58th street. Additional witnesses: Two bystanders and the florist on 3rd Ave. witnessed Mr Doe the day of the murder. It is important to notice that none of the information stated in this report has been obtained through psychological testing or clinical interview of Mr Doe in order to verify its correctness.
Outline and evaluate research into the effect of misleading information on the eyewitness testimony. The dictionary definition of misleading information is – Any wrong or misleading information given to the insurer, which may affect underwriting decision. Loftus (1975) experimented the effects of misleading information by showing participants a video clip of a car accident then later splitting the group in half. The first group were asked the simple question “How fast was the white sports car going while travelling along the country road?” This was obviously the controlled question. Others were asked the misleading question “How fast was the white car going when it passed the barn while travelling along the country road?” After a week followed all participants were asked “Did you see the barn?” 17% of the participants asked the misleading question claimed they had seen the barn but only 3% of the other participants said that the barn actually existed.
Three Strikes and You’re Out! The impetus for California’s “Three Strikes and You’re Out” law originated in my home town of Fresno. The murder of Kimber Reynolds was a much publicized one in the area. Resisting the perpetrator’s attempted theft, she was shot to death on June 29, 1992. Said perpetrator was, Joe Davis, already a convicted felon, had seen release from prison only three weaks earlier.
“In 1984, in response to the kidnapping and murder of his child Adam, John Walsh founded the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC). NCMEC serves as a resource in providing assistance to parents, children, law enforcement, schools, and the community in recovering missing children and raising public awareness about ways to help prevent child abduction” (Law Dict). In 1996, the kidnapping and murder of Amber Hagerman in Texas inspired the Dallas/Fort Worth Association of Radio Managers and local law enforcement agencies in north Texas to create the nation's first "AMBER Alert" plan. “AMBER, in addition to being Amber Hagerman's first name, also serves as an acronym for America's Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response. "Amber Alert" plans allow the development of an early warning system to help find abducted children by broadcasting information over radio and television to the public as quickly as possible.
During the interrogation Mr. Dufresne states that on his way home to ‘sleep it off’, he threw his gun into the Royal River; the attorney states that after searching the river for three days the gun was never recovered. The evidence provided in the trial was enough for Mr. Dufresne to be sentenced to two consecutive life terms, one for each of his victims. While seeing Mr. Dufresne entering the prison, his innocence or guilt is still questionable. Mr. Dufresne’s innocence is restricted from the audience until the introduction of Tommy, an inmate at Shawshank. After serving a period of time there is a scene in the cafeteria where inmates are discussing what they are in for and each one says that they are innocent, except for Ellis Boyd “Red” Redding, who says that he is the only guilty inmate in Shawshank.
Running head: Analyzing Victimology Analyzing Victimology Carolyn Simon CJ:430 Psychological Profiling Professor Jason Lile February 1, 2013 “Psychological profiling has been described as an excellent tool for law enforcement; although it does not replace good investigative techniques it has proven to be useful” (Holmes & Holmes, 2009). Some techniques used by psychological profilers use to help during investigations are the inductive and deductive approach, criminal profiling and geographic profiling. The inductive approach to profiling is based on the theory that if crimes committed are similar, the offenders share similar traits (Holmes & Holmes, 2008). This method gathers information from past events to support broader generalizations. The deductive approach to profiling uses the crime scene and any evidence left behind to gather information about the offender (Holmes & Holmes, 2009).
A good term for this is called “Social Desirability Bias” which means that you reply in a manner that is socially acceptable and desirable. The main purpose of this study is to allow the participants to describe the crimes in their own words instead of implying from observing participants. Honesty in these self-report studies help many different groups to better understand crime and criminal behavior. They use these reports to gather information to put them into statistics. The reports that are used are collected from the NIBRS (National Incident-Based Reporting System) and NCVS (National Crime Victimization Survey) and published by FBI in their yearly UCR ( Uniform Crime Report.)
In the final group, the two confederates in the experiment noted the smoke and then ignored it, which resulted in only 10% of the participants reporting the smoke. Example of the Bystander Effect The most frequently cited example of the bystander effect in introductory psychology textbooks is the brutal murder of a young woman named Catherine "Kitty" Genovese. On Friday, March 13, 1964, 28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work. As she approached her apartment entrance, she was attacked and stabbed by a man later identified as Winston Moseley. Despite Genovese’s repeated calls for help, none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police to report the incident.
In the following weeks, eight of the boys were convicted and sentenced to death in the electric chair. The only one, who was not convicted, was twelve year old Leroy Wright. His trial ended with a mistrial. There was a great deal of public outcry for and against the boys. The NAACP was slow to help the boys and the International Labor Defense (ILD) took over their cases.
2) What problem was that policy originally designed to address? The Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (TVPA 2000) was created to protect victims of trafficking and to ensure just and effective punishment of the traffickers. In the year 2000, congress found that each year, over 700,000 women and children were trafficked across the world and at least 50,000 of those were trafficked into the United States (Desyllas, 2000). The 13th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution states: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude…shall exist within the United States” (U.S. Constitution, Amendment 13). The fundamental principle of abolishing slavery that was underlined in the U.S. Constitution was considered the foundational concept of establishing the U.S. Human Trafficking policy (Roby, Turley, & Cloward, 2008).