Explication Of "Harlem (Dream Deferred)" By Langst

275 Words2 Pages
This poem expresses frustration at the inability to fulfill one’s dreams. The eleven-line poem uses word play and symbolism to express an overwhelming sense of frustration. Using questions to guide the reader deeper into contemplation, Hughes uses symbolism and similes throughout the poem to present the reader with graphic images. Food symbolism appears more than once in the second stanza, symbolizing that dreams, like perishables, may be good at first but change when ignored, whether for better or worse. The symbolism of the raisin in line 3, drying in the sun, symbolizes the power of a dream, like the sweetness and flavor in a grape, condensing and becoming more concentrated. The description of the image of a sweet that will “crust and sugar over” (7-8), while perhaps not desirable, is not very negative. This imagery is contrasted by the definitively negative images of runny, festering sores (4, 5) and rotting, stinking meat (6), which are sandwiched between the two less disturbing similes. Hughes’s use of word play throughout, such as the alliteration in lines 1-2 and 7, “dream deferred? / Does it dry” (1-2) and “syrupy sweet” (7), and his use of the repetition of the question “Does it…” in lines 2 and 6 as well as his irregular rhyme scheme and rhythmic quality cause the reader to become frustrated, as they are driven forward only to fall into a pattern almost recognizable. In the last line, Hughes uses one final question and violent language to underline the importance of the fact that these dreams must not be put aside. The inherent power in the dreams will “explode”
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