Futile treatments are considered unadvisable because they only prolong patient suffering. The physician generally takes the decision of futility because they have the necessary scientific understanding. However, the decision is not based on the physician’s personal opinion. It is based on the generalized professional standard of care. Furthermore, although the patients have the autonomy to take their medical decisions, it is the physician’s duty to limit treatments that are considered medically futile for the patient.
Is ensuring informed consent irrelevant to the protection of patient autonomy, at least in the context of primary and ongoing health care? Not at all. Rather, rituals of informed consent can enhance or undermine patients’ conscientious autonomy. Signing an informed consent form may or may not mark a real moment of selfdetermined choice. But
Nursing is governed by many laws and breaching of these laws may result in legal implication. However, looking on the clinical narrative below whereby Brett and I on our routine shift at Wogan hospital, this paper will identifies the potential/actual ethical dilemmas on what had happened that day and then it will discuss the legal implications that Brett would face. The course of action in regard to this narrative will be described on the basis of four major ethical nursing principles, laws that governing nurses, and the ANMC code of conduct and code of ethics for nurses. “I am a registered nurse working in a 24 bed medical ward in Wogan Hospital. Brett Wilson also works there.
Beneficence and informed consent The principle of beneficence is a term associated with a physician’s duty to “do good to others and avoid doing them any harm” (Vaughn 10). This principle promotes patient welfare, and is consistent with respecting the patient’s autonomy, or capacity for self-determination. This means that doctors must always strive to help the patient and avoid causing them any damage, while simultaneously allowing them to make their own decisions concerning their treatment. If a physician does not provide full disclosure of the procedure, risks, and alternatives to a patient then they are severely violating the principle of beneficence. In the case of “Jane Doe”, a kidney transplant patient, complete disclosure of risks about her procedure was not given.
The ethics of the ordinary is just as much a part of health care ethics as the ethics of the extraordinary. For the residents, the small decisions of daily life set the boundaries of his or her moral universe. The rights of individuals to live their lives as they wish must frequently be balanced against the need to maintain and enhance the interest of other, cognitively impaired residents who are not able to make choices about their own well- being. Individual choice often runs up against concerns for safety, efficiency, and even legal ability for injuries. Nursing home administrators, Abuse and Neglect 3
Informed consent is an integral part of the decision-making process and allowing an autonomous relationship to occur between the health professional and person they are treating (2). “The patient must…assume responsibility for decision-making, and then transfer that responsibility to the doctor” (Hope et al, 2009, p. 70). If that person is unable to assume that responsibility due to their lack of mental capacity, then under the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and the Mental Health Act 2007 a legal framework is in place that allows decisions to be made in that persons’ best interest. These government guidelines help to safeguard doctors and other carers from civil or criminal liability if steps have to be taken to treat the person medically (Bowen, 2007). The laws of consent derive from two elements; a law that is passed by Parliament (statute law) and law that has been decided by courts over centuries (case law) (2).
It will bring to light various points regarding the clients past or present, and medical history in question and eventually an idea of what the client hopes to achieve by coming here. There are certain medical patients that should not be treated with hypnosis and the clients medical history and medication will firmly determine that. A good ethical therapist will only take on board a client only if they feel they will respond to hypnotherapy in a positive way and the end result is not damaging to the client. To conclude, in hypnosis one is always aware of one’s self, the therapist and the situation and surroundings. In this relaxed state the client has the vital ability to change one’s self through determined focus.
(Friedenberg, 2000) In my opinion rationing by delay, if it is beneficial and does not cause imminent death, is a crucial and appropriate part of cost containment. For example, if an individual is in need of a surgery that can increase their quality of life but is not viewed as healthy enough to receive the procedure, then a delay would be appropriate if the lack of the surgery did not mean they would experience a decrease in quality or quantity of life. However, this form of rationing must be regulated heavily to ensure that individuals are not being discriminated against based upon their demographics if the demographic is not a necessary tool in the final decision
3- Who is ultimately responsible for the supervision of the nursing aides in this case? Define and identify the doctrine which could be used to find them liable. The doctrine of responde at superior assumes responsibility of each of his or her employees and is therefore liable for any wrongdoings. Doctrine of respondeat- superior which states that employer are responsible for employer action. Doctrine of resi psa loquitur- the defendan who must prove that he or she is not responsible for the injury," the thing speak for itself".
Just remember, just because one says they are a doctor, doesn’t mean they are trustworthy. I believe it shouldn’t be that way, living in a pool of questions and concerns that could affect your health. Again, if the process of obtaining a license could be more restricted and correctly administered, we could all live in a world of peace and also be sure of the safety of our