One issue surrounding business is the relationship of the business to the consumers. Kant’s theory is deontological and objective because it looks at the morality within the action itself and not the result from it. Kant’s theory expresses the importance of treating people as ends in themselves, rather than only as a means to an end. This approach is helpful as it means that businesses need to use their consumers as not only a means for a profit, but also use them as an end e.g. the products that are supplied are of a certain quality.
Cultural relativism is the idea that the moral principles someone has are solely determined by the culture one lives in. These ideas seem to make sense because we as a culture understand that the judgments people make in a different culture will differ from ours whether we choose to support it or not. Our culture has different moral judgments as well and does not look at something like killing someone for stealing as morally right since our culture values human life above theft. Cultural relativism does not exist because some principles are universal and not relative only to culture. People also have the ability to think morally for themselves so morality is relative to someone’s point of view.
1. Does a corporation owe its first loyalty and moral responsibility to the financial interests of its owners or to the local community and its employees who are affected by its operations? Based on the Union Carbide and the Bhopal Disaster case, there are a few ethical theories that can be used to argue such as egoism, utilitarianism, ethic of care and virtue theory. Ethical egoism is part of consequentialist theory that focuses on consequences when making judgement. Ethical egoism is the prescriptive doctrine that all persons ought to act from their own self-interest (Philosophy.lander.edu, 2001).
Yet, if we observe that pleasure is good, we should be able to ask is good pleasure. However if an individual gains pleasure through inflicting harm can we conclude that good and pleasure are one and the same thing? In short ethical naturalism is unable to define good, yet continues to claim that ethical language is based on objective truth. Non Cognitive approaches to meta ethics such as emotivism and prescriptivism argue that ethical language is subjective. A. J. Ayer claims that ethical language
People say different things: so do instincts” (pg35). The Tao should not be changed from the outside but the inside. Developing the Tao from the inside means to make the ideas stronger and not change them entirely but to build on to the core. Changing it from the outside would remove and undermine the core of values that keep people from destroying other people. The Tao is one’s fundamentals of life, reasoning
Business Ethics - Second Short Paper Paul F. Camenisch’s argument is that the heart of business ethics is its ability to contribute to human flourishing. He relates business ethics to ethics in general. Business ethics relies on the same moral code that every person should follow. Ethics cannot be departmentalized as separate moral codes for business, parents, students, etc. Business is even viewed by some as being the vehicle for contributions to worthy causes.
According to functionalists, order and predictability is important if a society is to exist. To ensure the society functions accordingly, people have to follow the norms and share common values or value consensus. Functionalists believe that value consensus can constrain and shape humans’ behaviour because people are said to be passive and they conform to sanctions whereby rewards will be given for practicing good behaviour (positive sanction) and punishments await those who commit deviant behaviour (negative sanction). Emile Durkheim argues that society is bigger than individuals and more vast . Individuals learn to desire what the society provides and in doing so, they internalise the roles given to them.
They were the relationship between the ruler and the ruled; father and son; older brother and younger brother; husband and wife and the relationship between friend and friend. In these relationships, there was an inferior person who was expected to respect the superior. And in return the superior must help and set an example for the inferior. In Daoism, however, the followers are more directly in touch with nature. They believed that the rules of Confucianism were a human creation and didn’t follow nature.
Fair trade is a market system based on empowering marginalized producers to improve their quality of life. Fair trade, is not a response to poverty, but its supporters clearly believe that it is a very important resource against the deficiencies that confront lots of world citizens. This paper is a critique for the passivity of certain leaders who have the power to make the most important decisions, which can lead to the global changes that imperatively deserve the most needed residents of the world. Leaders of the most important entities related to fair trade (The United Nations, governments, organizations, producers) need to have supportive, directive, participative and goal oriented behavior in order to create the actions required to construct a highway for Fair Trade system. The major Fair Trade failures are associated with the lack of laws and regulatory entities with authority to complete a market chain that permits that the final profit could be redistributed to producing countries.
• Ethical Responsibilities Even though economical and legal responsibilities exemplify about fairness and justice, ethical responsibilities cover those activities and practices that are expected or prohibited by members of society even though they are not codified in law. Ethical responsibilities represent those norms, standards or expectations that reflect a jest of what employees, consumers and shareholders regard as just, fair or in keeping the protection or respect of stakeholders’ moral rights. They are important to perform in a manner consistent with expectations of societal and ethical norms. The firms should recognize and respect the ethical moral norms adopted by society from time to time. In order to achieve corporate goals, these