Dr. Perry began discussing the different ways in which these chemicals can be imbalanced; inutero insult, early development inattention, and post traumatic stress. Focusing on the first two Dr. Perry began explaining how the brain’s template response for stress response can affect the duration of the life of a child. Meaning: The information I received from Dr. Bruce Perry’s lecture turned a lot of reflection to adoption and single mothers. The reflection that came from single mothers and the development of a child’s brain template for stress response from a disruption in early development strikes a chord with me. I was raised by a single mother and after reflection on Dr. Perry’s theories I found myself analyzing myself due to the disruptions from my single mother.
Third, the studies of culture-bound syndromes, which are interesting in and of themselves, may help illuminate more general patterns of cultural values such as individualism or collectivism,” said plebius (2005). One major factor of culture is family, believe it or not, family genetic components plays a major role in culture. If one both parents of a child is dealing with a mental issue, there is a 46 percent chance the child will develop symptoms from the same mental disorder. Other environmental factors play a role in the culture background, like the buildup of stress, traumatic situations, and maternal illness. Plebius (2005) said, “The importance of knowledge of the particular cultural influences on psychopathology is highlighted by the fact that cultural influences can mean the difference between a favorable and unfavorable
While most initiatives have previously focused on medical staff, some now offer training to a wider range of healthcare professionals (Blok et al, 1999). Over the course of a career, a busy clinician may disclose unfavorable medical information to patients and families many thousands of times. Breaking bad news to patients is inherently aversive, described as “hitting the patient over the head” or “dropping a bomb”. Breaking bad news can be particularly stressful when the clinician is inexperienced, the patient is young, or there are limited prospects for successful treatment. Bad news must be told because of the following reasons: Patients Want the Truth Ethical and Legal Imperatives Clinical Outcomes However, breaking bad news is also a complex communication task.
The psychodynamic approach assumes that adult behaviour reflects complex dynamic interactions between the conscious and unconscious mind, which are present from birth. Freud, the founder of this approach, believed that our behaviour is powerfully affected by the processes within our conscious mind and psychological disorders in adulthood, are due to problems with we have encountered in our childhood, that have not been solved. Freud purposed that personality is made up of three parts. These parts are the id, superego and ego. He also suggested that our personality is shaped in different times of our childhood, which is known as the psychosexual development.
This same study also revealed that, it affects the way people live, their consequent chances of illness and premature death. The conditions people live and die are shaped by political, social, and economic status. These inequity in health occur due to, circumstances in which people grow and live, work, age and the systems put in place to deal with them. The W.H.O., review for '' increased risk factors for substance abuse among teens , 2010. '', defined the risk factors directly related to risk factors are four main determinants.
The Phases of Stress What is stress? Life stressors involve changes in your environment that your central nervous system must adapt to during the course of daily living. Stressors include either positive or negative life events (e.g., death, divorce, new job, new house, new baby) that require you to adapt to these changes in your life. Stress results when pressures, challenges, or demands in life exceed your coping abilities. Stress can manifest itself in physical, emotional, or behavioral symptoms.
Adoption studies go one step further in narrowing down a strong correlational link by ruling out the effect of environment on development of schizophrenia to illustrate the genetic link more clearly. They do this by comparing adopted children to their biological parents to determine links with schizophrenia. Kendler found that first degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia are 18 times more at risk of developing the condition as the general population. Illustrating the genetic predisposition within families who share genes, strongly supporting the genetic explanation as there is such a high concordance rate. However this study can be criticised because of its retrospective analysis after the disorder had developed, thus it may be more conclusive if a prospective study was conducted to show the ‘before and after’ effects within families.
Importance of Communication in nursing Aim of this assignment is to look into the importance of communication in nursing. The essay will comprise the definition, types and models of communication. It will also include the reflective model that will be used in the summative integrated assignment. Communication can either facilitate the development of a therapeutic relationship or cerate barriers[ Stuart and Laraia,2005].Health professionals became more aware of the critical role communication plays in health care in the late 20th century. But many of the problems faced by health care today is caused by failure to communicate properly.
Causes of Stress “Stress is a state of physical and emotional tension that occurs in times of danger or difficulty.” (Stress, 1). In society today it seems one cannot avoid stress, but just what causes stress and how can one find relief? As its definition suggests, there are in fact different kinds of stress. For example, positive stress is the kind one would experience after a milestone, be it a marriage, the birth of a child, a graduation or simply a parent or teacher giving positive reinforcements to assist in the development of a child, teenager or young adult. Negative stress on the other hand can be brought on by a tragedy, a death of a loved one, or perhaps a crime in which the individual has been involved or was a victim of.
Personality psychologists claimed that one of the most profound challenges is to account for personality development, that’s why they put this into a study whether an individual’s behavior are caused by heredity or the environment, this study is known as the “nature” and “nurture”. First, the nature suggests that human behavior is driven mostly by biology (evolution, genetics, brain chemistry, and hormones). In contrast, the nurture suggests that behavior is driven mostly by psychosocial environment (for example, how we were raised, our peers, the situations we are in at present). Both nature and nurture contribute to who an individual is, but to better comprehend the nature versus nurture debate, we should look at the essential characteristics that make up this controversy. Humans are unique and highly-intricate creatures.