the purpose of this is to properly identify the metal given to us. In this experiment we added heat to a container of water. meanwhile we took the mass of our metal sample. We then placed the metal sample into a glass test tube and placed the test tube into the boiling water. We measured out 100 mL of water and transfered it to a styrofoam cup from our graduated cylender.
Record all data in a table and graph the results with the Volume on the x-axis, and the Mass on the y-axis. Part B: Mass and Volume of a Non-Cylindrical Metal 1.) Obtain a 25mL graduated cylinder. Fill it with 10mL of deionized water and record the volume in the nearest 0.1mL for the initial reading. 2.)
The molar mass of a compound or atom is the mass of 1 mole of anything; this is relative to the atomic mass from the periodic table. The percentage yield from an experiment would be the actual yield divided by the theoretical yield multiplied by 100. We need to know how to balance chemical equations due to law of conservation of mass. Being able to turn moles into mass and mass into moles through the equation “m=nM” rearranged to find out other components. We need to be able to find the limiting reagent and be able to go through the process of gravimetric stoichiometry.
Specific Heat Capacities of Metal Purpose: To measure the specific heat capacities of aluminum, steel and brass. Theory: The amount of heat that is required to change the temperature of an object is proportional to the mass of the object the the temperature change of the object: Q=cmT Where Q=amount of heat c=specific heat capacity of the material m=mass of the object T= temperature change of the object “Calorie” is the unit of quantity of heat and is defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water from 14.5 °C to 15.5 °C. Then, the water has a specific heat of 1 cal/g°C. So: Cw=Q/mT=1cal/(1g)(1°C) The specific heat can be found by measuring the temperature change of a given mass of material produced by a quantity of heat. This is done by a procedure known as the method of mixture.
A fixed amount of water is added to a graduated cylinder and the volume of water is recorded. The object to be measured is then added to the graduated cylinder and the new volume is recorded. To determine the volume of the object the volume of water is subtracted from the volume of water with the object. Volume – Object = Volume object + water – Volume of water Materials: • Various percentages of zinc and copper mixtures o 0% Cu, 100% Zn o ~10% Cu, ~90% Zn o ~20% Cu, ~80% Zn o ~30% Cu, ~70% Zn o ~40% Cu, ~60% Zn o ~50% Cu, ~50% Zn o ~60% Cu, ~40% Zn o ~70% Cu, ~30% Zn o ~80% Cu, ~20% Zn o ~90% Cu, ~10% Zn o 100%Cu,0%Zn • Pennies o using 5, 10, 20 and 30 pre1982 pennies o using 5, 10, 20 and 30 post1982 pennies Procedure: 1.) From Penny Set A (Pre-1982), measure the mass of 1 penny and then of 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 13 pennies.
4. Results and Discussion Specific heat capacity refers to the amount of heat needed to raise or lower the temperature of a substance. This amount of heat is directly proportional to the mass of the material. In the first activity, the specific heat of a metal, in our case aluminum, was calculated (Table 1). The following formula was used: cm=mwcwT3-T1+mcccT3-T1 mmT2-T3 Where cw is the specific heat capacity of water and cc is the specific heat capacity of calorimeter.
Nathan Bahn Beer’s Law Study Lab Introduction: In this lab, we used a spectrometer to observe the transmittance of light at a certain wave length. We experimented to see if the molarity of a solution changes the transmittance of light and the absorbance of that light by the solution. By observing the percent transmittance and the amount of light absorbed, we can calculate the amount of color absorbing components in the solution. Through this process is how we are able to discover the amount of copper in the solution. Experimental Procedure: 250 mL of the copper solution was made by creating 100 mL of the solution, reacting CuO with HNO3, and then diluting to the mark of 250 mL.
Also, we watched as the water boiled and made observations as the temperature as it started to boil. This is done on a Virtual Lab. Materials: (Virtual Lab) * Water * Ice * Water-heating device or heater * Metals(Aluminum, Steel, Copper, Lead) * Electrical Balance Procedures: SPECIFIC HEAT OF METALS: * Weigh the mass of the metal samples * Fill up the calorimeter to 100mL. It should be at 25C * Heat up the Aluminum Sample to 200C * Drop the Aluminum Sample in the water and record the temperature changes. * Repeat with the rest of the samples.
The mass of the water should also be measured using scale. In order to do that first we measure the mass of the empty glass and then we measure the mass of the glass filled with water. By subtracting the mass of glass with water from the mass of empty glass we will get the mass of water Results: m cold = 87.7 g T cold = 20.5 OC m hot = 78.6 g T hot = 44.6 OC Data processing: we add 2 glasses of water together and we measure the common temperature using thermometer. After that we can find the temperature change (ΔT) by subtracting the common temperature from the initial temperature. (ΔT = T1 – T0) Common Temperature: 30.8 |30.8 – 20.5| = 10.3 ΔT cold = 10.3 OC |30.8 – 44.6| = 13.8 ΔT warm = 13.8 OC Now we will use the formula E = m.C.ΔT to measure the amount of energy transferred for both cold and hot water.
Explanation: Because of copper is a good conductor compared to water because the electrons jump from one element to the other more easily in copper than water. MATERIAL Copper tacks, a test tube, a test tube holder, a digital balance, a thermos with ~1 dl cold water, a digital thermometer and an electric kettle (with enough water to cover the element). PROCEDURE: 1: Fill the electric kettle with enough water to cover the heating copper. Also fill the thermos with cold water and the test tube to 50% with copper tacks. 2: First you measure the mass of the copper tacks and also try to get the mass of the water in the thermos as close to 0.1 kg since 1 dl of H20 = 0.1kg H20.