When the temperature gets high enough, hydrogen nuclei undergo nuclear fusion to form helium nuclei and give out massive amounts of heat and light. Before the star begins its life, there are the components that will create the star. However, the ultimate demise of a star is somewhat of a mystery. The most interesting aspects during creation and during death, what happens during life, at least for star, are quite inconsequential. Before there was space, there was a set amount of matter.
Beta decay occurs when the neutron to proton ratio is too great in the nucleus and causes instability. And gamma decay occurs when the nucleus has too much energy. 3. What is meant by nuclear fission? Nuclear fission is a nuclear reaction that produces a lot of energy, and occurs when the nucleus of an atom splits into two parts spontaneously or with the impact of another particle.
The ratio of these elements in the world today is strong evidence for the big bang theory. Scientists have observed that galaxies appear to be moving away from us at speeds proportional to their distance. This discovery was named ‘Hubbles Law’ after Edward Hubble, the man who discovered it. This observation supports the expansion of the universe and suggests that it was once compacted/ The Red Shift is also further evidence for the Big Bang theory. Red shift occurs when light radiation moves away from an observer.
Introduction: A sphere that is of gas and held together by its own gravitational force is known as its most common name, star. Stars are always continually trying to collapse by the force of gravity, this is contracted by the pressure of hot gas/ or radiation in the stars interior. This is called Hydrostatic support. Another thing about stars would be they sometimes come in groups known as clusters. (Dr. Barbara Mattson, 28-Dec-2010) A star cluster or star clouds are groups of stars.
NOVA: Volcanoes Volcanoes are landforms where molten rock erupts through the surface of the planet. Think of them as pimples on the face of the earth. Today, there are over 1,500 active volcanoes on earth’s surface. Volcanoes cause serious hazards to not only people, but the environment and the nature around us as well. If an eruption were to occur, a number of life-changing things would happen.
Star-Shredding Black Holes In the article “Star-Shredding Black Holes” by Monica Young provide the information about how the Astrophysicist Suvi Gezari and other astronomers have gathered the most direct evidence yet of a supermassive black hole shredding a star that wandered too close and for the first time, a black hole has been caught in the act of tearing apart and swallowing a star that got too close. The author reports how dormant black holes turn into ravenous beasts when renegade starts waking them up from their slumber. According to Gezari, occasionally a star wanders too close, and that's when a feeding frenzy begins. The start is ripped apart by the gravitational forces. The friction heats the gases and causes them to glow from the stellar gas falling into the black hole over time.
Most fission reactions happen artificially by bombarding nuclei with neutrons. For a fission reaction, two conditions need to be satisfied. Critical mass of the substance. A relatively slow neutron is required to initiate the process. Nuclear fusion however is the reaction in which two or more nuclei combine together to form a new element with higher atomic number.
The Chemistry Within Dynamite – Summative Research Meghan Light Mrs. Jain SNC2DI Dynamite and TNT are highly explosive materials that are closely related but stil very different. These explosives are used in many types of situations where explosions are needed. Although, there are many surrounding issues environmentally and with humans that make dynamite and TNT usage a controversial issue. Originally, dynamite was made of nitroglycerin, an explosive yellow liquid which was then absorbed into diatomaceous earth, sawdust or other solid material and then formed into round sticks. Today, a safer method of making dynamite (and also more common) is combining nitroglycerin, nitrocellulose (a highly flammable material that is made by treating cellulose with nitric acid) and ketone.
If a firework isn’t packed right, it won’t shoot off into the night sky. The power needed to lift each firework into the air is provided by the highly exothermic combustion of black powder, a slow burning combination of 75% potassium nitrate, 15% charcoal, and 10% sulfer(Conkling J. 1985). As soon as the shell reaches the perfect height, it is then that it explodes. During the explosion not only are gases produced quickly, but they are also hot, and they expand rapidly, according to Charles’ Law, which states that as the temperature of enclosed gas increases, the volume increases, if the pressure is consistent(Antonis, K. 2010).
The total blast had a VEI of 6, which is equivalent to 200 megatons of TNT. The shock waves travelled around the world seven times, and the force of the blast was some 10,000 times greater than that of the hydrogen bomb dropped on Hiroshima. The volcano left 36,000 people dead and the survivors battled to cope with tsunamis, further eruptions and superheated ash clouds. As the volcano erupted, a plume of ash swept 80km into the sky, the hot gas became unstable and raced across nearby islands at 150km (Australia n.p). "Those who weren't killed by the intense heat," says Dr. Dave Rothery, from the Department of Earth Sciences at the Open University, "would have been sandblasted to death.