Historian use the failure of the putsch to prove Nazi party as weak before 1929. This was the infamous Munich Putsch which took place on 24th February 1924. Hitler had over grossly estimated the level of public support for the putsch despite issues faced by the Weimar republic at the time, clearly the German people were in desperate need for a new stable government and leader, however when the Nazi party presented itself to the people it did not receive much followers which questions did the German people see the Nazis weak. The putsch failed, mainly due to the lack of planning. Without taking into account of the failure of the Putsch, if the Nazis failed to organise the Putsch to begin with clearly
In 1932 Hitler won 37.5 percent of the seats (230 seats) in the Reichstag making the Nazi party the largest in the Reichstag so Hitler should have been Chancellor. But it wouldn’t work like that. President Hindenburg, Franz von Papen and General von Schleicher all hated and distrusted Hitler so it was not going to be easy for Hitler to become Chancellor. Hindenburg could however see that Hitler and the Nazis could prove helpful so he appointed von Papen as Chancellor. Von Papen had no support in the Reichstag but he hoped that he could form a right-wing coalition with the Nazis and other right-wing parties.
Luck played a big part into how Stalin defeated the left side of the party. Because of Trotsky’s illness he often missed political conventions meaning the he couldn’t get his view across to the general public. This meant that Stalin was a lot more popular than Trotsky. Also the fact that Lenin’s testament wasn’t published played a part in Stalin’s success. In his testament he heavily criticized Stalin; if it was published then it would have damaged Stalin’s popularity.
On one hand, the failures of emigration initiated with the growing sympathy for Jews both abroad and nationally. The Kristallnacht pogrom in 1938, a consequence of Polish emigration and the assassination of Ernst von Rath by Polish Jew Hershal Gryzpan, reduced Germany’s international opinion, especially in America where on the 23rd to the 25th November, a public protest was constructed: the burning of the swastika to show their disregard for the German treatment of Jews. This international view of Nazi emigration is seen to contradict the Nazi aim to increase international anti-Semitism and the awareness of the ‘Jewish Question’. It instead raised sympathy for the Jewish population abroad. Furthermore, it reveals another reason for the failures of emigration rather than the refusal to Jews to leave Germany.
Many would refer to this as relative stabilisation but not completely. Politically Germany suffered as the parties that were supposed to be protecting the interests of the German people were acting more like interest groups, therefore when a coalition government was elected they struggled to work together resulting in the problems that needed to be addressed never came to a conclusion, however the interests of the ‘bourgeois’ parties of the DNVP, BVP and DVP were divergent. Within the coalitions, however, some important social legislation was passed. Within the political structure the vote had always varied but at this time the left were making important gains with the SPD increasing its share of seats by 22 to 153 and the KPD showing a rise of 9 seats to 54, this in turn meant that the parties of the centre and right saw their votes drop, which escalated the amount of splinter parties. The political polarization that was a developing feature of the period meant that forming a stable majority government had become near impossible, therefore questioning the stability of the political aspects of Germany.
This general shift to the centre ground gained voters back, who had previously been Labour, but had voted Conservative recently. These reformers were not against socialism however and previously, many were socialists, yet they saw the need for voters, rather than ideology. Further, New Labour was a lot less socialistic when it came to economic policy. In fact, New Labour adopted a Keynesian approach to the economy, much like the New Right. The Third Way has been enthusiastic when it comes to capitalism.
From the start there was economic instability because of the cost of World War One and there was widespread disillusion within the German people. The public did not support the Weimar, and the administrative branch of the government, including the Judiciary, also teachers did not back it up either. Mass unemployment, damages to the infrastructure also from World War One, and the demand for reparation payments put lots of pressure on the inexperienced democracy. Not only in Germany, but all over Europe, fundamental and anti-democratic movements gained support. 2.
While the Munich Putsch was not a success, as Hitler failed to seize power through force, his movement was however publicised, and made known to the German people. This would thus, the first step in building the Nazis movement and making it known to the German public. The years from 1924 to 1929, The Nazi party did not gain much popularity as the current Weimar Democratic Government was enjoying a period of economic growth and relative stability. The people of Germany were not appealed by the extreme values of the Nazi party as political and social stability was existent under the democratic leadership of Gustav Stresemann who mended Germany’s hyper-inflation through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan, and
The Act promoted national unity. All political parties joined together, and the Socialists fell into line as it was the popular view at the time. The divide between political parties and the difference in class no longer existed. However this doesn’t last for long as the problems on the Home front increased. Germany were unable to manage their home front effectively during the war.
They put restrictions on the German military, to make Germany weak and a second-rate power. Germany had huge financial losses, which brought the rise of the ultra-nationalist Nazis. They had to take acceptance of responsibility for the damage in the war even though they weren’t the only ones in the war. Germany had absolutely no say in the requirements and matters of the treaty. The Treaty of Versailles would prove to be one of the most disastrous mistakes in history.