Assignment 1: Asses the 6 psychological perspectives Explain and assess all 6 of the psychological perspectives you have learnt. Behaviourist – Ivan Pavlov conducted an experiment called ‘Classical Conditioning’. At first, the Russian physiologist was working on an investigation of a dog’s digestive system, and the amount of salvation levels towards food. He had the dog in a harness, and a test tube under the dog’s mouth to collect the saliva. However, every time the dog saw the experimenter, the dog had already started to salivate before it came close to eating the food; this was unusual.
Most people shudder at the thought or sight of a Pit Bull and consider them vicious atrocities, but I will show that Pit Bulls are innocent and really are just misunderstood. I would like to give some facts, dispel some myths, and show the side of the breed that the media chooses not to tell. American Pit Bull Terriers were first introduced during World War I and World War II. The job of the Pit Bull was to deliver messages back and forth across the battlefield. Pit Bulls were first bred to bait bulls and bears as a sport back in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but soon became more commonly used as house pets due to their friendliness towards people (Brom, 1987-09, p.14).
Skinner studied operant conditioning by conducting experiments using animals which he placed in a “Skinner Box” which was similar to Thorndike’s puzzle box. What is Classical Conditioning? Classical conditioning is the way we develop responses to certain stimuli that are not naturally occurring, e.g. when we touch a hot stove our reflex is to pull our hand back. It does so instinctively and no learning is involved, it is merely a survival instinct.
Your Best Friend Today In the Saturday Night essay “Dogs and Monsters” Stanley Coren, a Professor of Psychology and a dog behaviour specialist, argues that dogs have been genetically modified for centuries in order to make people’s lives easier and more comfortable, yet there are still people in the world who disagree with genetic engineering. He claims that what people fear most about this type of science is that it is seen as “tampering with creation”(Coren 533) and something that as Prince Charles put it “should be left to God”(533) for fear that the earth and nature will be unable to handle the changes in species causing an unnatural balance between them. However Coren raises many interesting points proving that genetic engineering is not just in its beginning phases, it has in fact been around for centuries starting with primitive humans, jackals and wolves. Coren begins his essay by describing exactly how dogs and people first came into contact. In doing so Coren shows how people use dogs to make their lives more comfortable and that early people would use dogs at first as essentially a form of garbage disposal.
Animal testing is a very controversial issue today. It can also be referred to as vivisection, which literally means the cutting up of living animals. Philosopher Aristotle is one of the first to have experimented on animals in the 4th century. Testing started out in the medical field but later spread to other fields such as cosmetics, food, and science. In 1890 a Russian physiologist, Ivan Pavlov, demonstrated ‘classical conditioning’ on dogs.
If he has his way, rat poison will be tested on rats -- care to hazard a guess about the results? To be charitable, suppose for a moment that Mr. Gore came up with some chemicals whose properties were unknown. Animal testing would tell us little about their potential danger to humans. The basic tests in the original proposal, now being challenged by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and other animal protection groups, are from the 1920s and 1930s. They are this crude and painful: Force the chemicals down the animals' throats, smear them onto their abraded backs or inject them directly into their stomachs until the animals die.
Moreira (2012) stated, “Humanistic-phenomenological psychotherapy is a contemporary development of person-centered therapy” (p. 3). Carl Rogers was an influential psychologist as well. The article on Carl Rogers describes his findings and the importance of his research and how these findings are researched even further. Many changes have been made to the Rogerian theory, which originated from a clinical theory of psychotherapy, Rogers work expanded into other areas such as education (Moreira, 2012). Psychologists and researchers around the world have continued the study of Rogers’s person-centered
They observe the response individuals make to different situations or different conditions. Like behaviorist, cognitivists believe the environment has an impact upon a learner and what happens in one’s life. Lastly, they both hold that our experiences impact the way we learn. In conclusion, these two schools of psychology clearly have their differences and similarities. Behaviorism and cognitivism in my opinion are one of the most important schools of
What are some psychological perspectives that explain human behavior? Some psychological perspectives that researchers have found are behavioral perspective, humanistic perspective, psychodynamic perspective, cognitive perspective and neuroscience perspective. Behavioral psychology is a perspective that focuses on learned behaviors. Behaviorism differed from many other perspectives because instead of emphasizing internal state, it focused solely on observable behaviors. Humanistic perspective suggests that all individuals naturally strive to grow and develop, and to control their lives and behavior.
People have yet to realize that their favorite type of deodorant or those good-smelling fragrances they like to put on were once tested on animals. These animals are forced to swallow or inhale large quantities of a test substance or endure the pain of having chemicals applied to their sensitive eyes and skin (Peta). Many times the results of animal tests are often not applicable to humans, but even if a product has blinded an animal, it can still be marketed to you. Many testing centers keep such animals out of their natural surroundings, until time to experiment on them. Throughout that time these animals become so unadapt to their new surroundings, they become less likely to return to their natural state which gives those experimenting more reason to test them.