The Principles of Infection Prevention

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Unit ICO1 The principles of infection prevention and control Infection prevention and control is the clinical application of microbiology in practice. Infection or disease may be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses or prions and can result in a wide variety of infections, for example, urinary tract, wound, respiratory, blood, bone and skin infections. Understanding how infections occur and how different micro-organisms act and spread is crucial to preventing infections. Infection control addresses factors related to the spread of infections within the health-care setting (whether patient-to-patient, from patients to staff and from staff to patients, or among-staff), including prevention (via hand hygiene/hand washing, cleaning/disinfection/sterilization, vaccination, surveillance), monitoring/investigation of demonstrated or suspected spread of infection within a particular health-care setting (surveillance and outbreak investigation), and management (interruption of outbreaks). You can deal with the risks from infection at work in the same way as any other health and safety issue. You need to: ●identify the hazards; ●assess the risks; ●control the risks. As well as considering the risks to your employees, you also need to decide whether the work that you do puts others at risk of infection. Although your employees may well pick up infections from workmates (just as they might from their friends and family outside work)– these infections are not your responsibility under health and safety law. This is because the infection is just as likely to be caught outside the workplace as in it. But there may be other laws which require you to take action Carrying out a risk assessment is your responsibility as the employer.You may be able to carry out the assessment yourself but, if not, you should call on help and advice from within your own
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