In the CJ field you will encounter troubled youth as a police officer, juvenile probation officer, or as another role. What advice would you give to parents of children who are at risk for getting in trouble related to aggressive behavior? 5. What advice would you give the children/youth that are showing risk for aggressive behavior? In the Bobo Experiment (1961), there were a various number of children being observed to see how they would react to certain behaviors, more so aggression when observing it being displayed by someone else beating on a Bobo Doll.
His interest in children’s cognitive processes developed when he started to notice that children of similar ages made the same kinds of mistakes on test questions. After in depth research, Piaget developed the stages of cognitive development theory. This revolved around the idea that unlike adults, thinking and mental development of children changes qualitatively with age (Passer & Smith, 2013). In order to understand Piaget’s theory, it is important to understand its fundamental principles. The first, Piaget referred to using the term ‘schema’.
They “observe, formulate theories, make predictions, and do experiments” (Gopnik, 237) to learn about people, objects, and their surroundings. Like scientists, when a significant amount of counter evidence is present, babies and young children will change their theories. Finally, Gopnik concludes her essay by saying the role of adults in the learning of children is an important one, and recommends that readers work towards “paid parental leave, flexible work arrangements, and publicly
It is just crazy to me to think that the drugs that these kids are being prescribed are causing them to commit acts of violence upon other people or do very crazy things. The documentary opened up with a teenager named Cory Baadsgard, who was apparently on the prescribed drug Paxil which caused him to have hallucinations. He discussed an incident in where he did not want to go to school and decided that he would go later in the day. The only thing that he remembered was waking up in a juvenile detention center and was told that he held hostages at gunpoint. In the documentary they also displayed the terrible Columbine shooting that occurred in which two teens took many lives and one of them was on prescription drugs as well.
Discuss Research Into Different Types Of Attachment Mary Ainsworth did a study and designed an experiment to assess different types of attachment between infants and caregiver. Ainsworth did a “strange situation” study which involved observing children between the ages of 12 to 18 months responding to situation in which they were briefly left alone and then reunited with their mother. The experiment was a controlled observation done by using video cameras in a purpose built laboratory playroom. From the strange situation study they found both similarities and differences in the ways that infants behaved. In terms of similarities they noted that proximity-seeking and contact maintaining behaviour intensified during separation and when the stranger appeared whereas resisting and avoiding behaviours occurred rarely towards the caregiver prior to separation.
Ainsworth created the strange situation in order to test the nature of attachment. The aim of the study was to observe how children between 18 months and 9 years old would react in social situations regarding the mother and a stranger. This tested for stranger anxiety and separation anxiety. The room in which the research was conducted was a lab set up as a child's play room; the experiment had 8 conditions acted out by both the primary care giver (often the mother) and the stranger. Firstly the parent and the child would play together before the parent would sit down and let the child play on its own this would be in order to asses if and how the infant uses the parent as a secure base.
For example, children are being called to the stand due to child abuse cases, amongst all other ages that are called to give an eyewitness account for an incident. Due to this psychologists and researchers wanted to see if there was a correlation between the age of an individual & the accuracy of EWT. Many experiments have been done to produce findings that show this. Parker & Carranza (1989) Took primary school kids and college students as participants(PP) for their test. The PP were shown a mock crime and asked to identify a certain individual during the photo identification test.
The major areas of development include biological, cognitive and social and emotional development. Both of these psychologists were concerned with the study of understanding the area of cognitive development specifically in children and were considered to be constructivists. Constructivism is the theory in which “learners actively construct their own knowledge based upon the things they know now and have known in the past” (TFL resources, 2006). This essay will seek to compare and contrast the theories of psychologists Piaget and Vygotsky and will critically look at their theories to judge which aspects are appropriate for the long term. Jean Piaget focused his research on studying children and observing their thought processes.
Then in 1921, John Watson had expanded Pavlov’s research and began to study humans, his first testing was the little Albert experiment. Watson’s purpose of the Little Albert experiment was to see if he could condition the infant to fear an animal. Classical conditioning is considered to be an automatic or reflexive form of learning. Classical Conditioning can be defined as a learning technique that takes place when two stimuli are continuously placed together causing a response which originally bought about the following stimulus is ultimately drawn out due to the initial stimulus (Olson, Hergenhahn, 2013). There are four elements that are associated with classical conditioning.
So what does exposure to young children do? In this study taken by Lovaas, 1961, Four- to six-year-old children were exposed for five minutes to an aggressive or non-aggressive film. After watching the film, the children were invited to play with a ball or a mechanical doll apparatus, in which pressing a bar caused one doll to hit the other on the head. Children exposed to the aggressive film pressed the bar to activate the hitting dolls more often than children who had been exposed to a non-aggressive film.