The Fort Pillow Massacre

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The American Civil War was one of the most violent times in American history. Americans were fighting against each other, the North against the South. Many people disagree about what transpired on April 12, 1864 at Fort Pillow. According to Wyeth, General Nathan Bedford Forrest captured Fort Pillow with approximately 1500 men and claimed numerous lives of Union soldiers (250). This became a huge issue of propaganda for the Union. Gen. Forrest was blamed for being a murderer and ignoring the rules of surrender. After thorough research it is learned that the accusations about Gen. Forrest were false. The 1500 men under General Forrest acted only as men and as soldiers in their capture of Fort Pillow. According to Turtledove, in 1861 the Confederate Army built a fort and named it after Gen. Pillow (57). It was later captured by the Union. Fort Pillow is located on a hill on the bank of the Mississippi River, in Tennessee. The Union had captured it to take control of Memphis and to control traffic along the Mississippi River. The Union controlled the fort for the biggest part of the war. In 1863 and 1864 the General William Sherman led the Union soldiers to capture Jackson and Meridian, Mississippi. After the capture, General Sherman burnt both the cities. In The Battle of Meridian Sherman said, “I want this place wiped completely off the map (Hirshon 185).” These actions enraged Gen. Forrest. In March 1864 Forrest went on a month long raid to capture Union prisoners and supplies and to demolish forts and posts. On April, 12 1864 Gen. James Chalmers surrounded Ft. Pillow under the orders of Gen. Forrest. During this move to the fort there were multiple skirmishes, which included the loss of commanding Union officer Major Lionel Booth. The loss of Major Booth created much confusion throughout the Union soldiers. During this engagement a Union

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