The Effects of Temperature on the Swimming Behavior of Daphnia Introduction: Plankton play a large role in the ecosystem. Plankton are aquatic organisms that exist in innumerable different regions of aquatic environments. They can be utilized as a food source for other planktons, large aquatic animals, and other animals. Since they are at the pedestal of the food chain, they are important since they fill the base of the ecosystems they exist in. Many zooplanktons are also ectothermic which means temperature can highly affect metabolism and growth (Jalal et al., 2013).
Cold blooded animals don't do this (which is why they eat less and live longer), so their temperature could fluctuate with environmental changes. This would be bad for them (think of the optimum temperatures for enzymes etc.) so they need to regulate this. Water's high specific heat capacity means that it needs a lot of energy to warm up, or it needs to lose a lot of energy to cool down. Animals that have a lot of water in them need larger environmental temperature changes to effect their body temperature.
Thermal runaway reaction occurs when the heat generated by a reaction goes beyond the heat removal caused by the available cooling capacity. Heat is accumulated leading to a gradual rise in the temperature of the reaction mass; this causes an increase to the rate of reaction and increases the speed of rate of heat generation. [1] Why are thermal runaway reactions dangerous on industrial scale? Thermal runaway reactions are always said to be dangerous on an industrial scale since the reactions go faster in an industry where they tend to reach higher temperatures. As you would already know that exothermic reactions tend to release quite a large amount of heat, so when the reaction mixture gets very warm, a very hot exothermic reaction begins.
If the environment was hyperosmotic then an osmoregulator must intake water in order to survive (Campbell, 2008). When N. succinea are put into an environment not natural to their habitat, it can affect their cells in two ways which at extremes could cause the cells to shrink or swell up and burst. When a cell is placed in a hyperosmotic solution, it tends to shrivel up
Because Daphnia are ECTOTHERMS (cold-blooded), their body temperature changes with the surrounding environment. Since chemical reactions are speeded up in warmer temps, what would you predict the effect of temperature changes would be on their rate of metabolism (and heart rate)? Chemicals, which enter their bodies, can also change their heart rate by interfering with the chemicals that nerves use to transmit signals. Chemicals that speed up heart rate are known as stimulants, whereas chemicals that slow down the heart rate are known as depressants. HYPOTHESIS : What is the Dependent Variable measured: ______________________________________ What is the Independent Variable used: __________________________________________ Predict the effect of each situation/solution on the heartbeat: Make a Hypothesis for each Cold Water Hot Water 1% Ethanol Sugar Water MATERIALS • 4 Daphnia in culture liquid (per table) • Transfer pipette • a clean depression slide • Compound microscope • a small container for “used” Daphnia PROCEDURE – follow below or the modify to YOUR teacher’s instructions Keep the light for your microscope OFF as much as possible to avoid overheating your Daphnia!
Lipids are insoluble within water, they have high energy content and can be metabolized to release calories, but they have many other uses as well. Lipids help to create lasting structures within an individual’s body; lipids are also electrical insulators and are needed Bile is secreted from the gall bladder into the digestive tract, and lipase is secreted for
This quality is important because that makes water a good solvent (it can dissolve many things). Other polar compounds and ions can easily be dissolved in water because polar + polar = even distribution of charge, and ions have a charge, so it's attracted to the opposite charge on the water molecule. The ability of water to dissolve many solutions is essential in organisms. In the bloodstream, for example, sugars and other nutrients are dissolved so that the blood cells can carry it to cells in the body. If sugars weren't dissolved, they couldn't reach cells.
Salt dissolves in water because ions become separated by polarised water molecules. Water is the most common molecule in the human body, and is the most important solvent in the human body and most chemical reactions involve molecules dissolved in
Title Problem Definitions Hypothesis Background Information Procedure Materials Results Conclusion References and Acknowledgements Reactions with Alka-Seltzer How does the temperature of water effect how fast the chemical reaction of Alka-Seltzer happens? I think the Alka-Seltzer will react faster in very hot water because the molecules are moving around faster. Therefore, they will run into each other faster causing a faster chemical reaction. Molecules: Two or more atoms which have chemically combined to form something Temperature: A measure of warmth or coldness Reaction Rate: The speed of a reaction Reactants: The substance(s) first involved in a chemical reaction Chemical
Explain your results with reference to the concentration of respiratory gases. The body constantly produces CO2 as a by-product of the metabolic energy production. Normally carbon dioxide is carried to the lungs by the blood and is expelled though exhalation. However, holding your breath increases the concentration of CO2 in the bloodstream which can cause suffocation, or feel unconscious. One of the most common causes of hyperventilating is high levels of oxygen in the blood.