By understanding the concepts of the each theories a person can see how they can affect the social institution, such as the family, differently and can present a more much better understanding of the concepts as they apply to reality. What are the Sociological theories? Functionalism, the Conflict Theory, and Interactionism comprise the three main sociological theories. These theories affect the way people think and perceive the world around them. As a result, the development, nature and understanding of different social institutions, including the family, health-care systems, religion, education, media, politics and economy, are determined or affected by these three social theories.
The social cognitive model is one that is places emphasis on explaining how the individual’s personal behaviors and beliefs are influenced by the individuals learning environment (Schunk & Zimmerman, 1997). In the findings of Schunk and Zimmerman (1997), individuals who are learning are active participants and these individuals can gain control of their learning experiences throughout various ways. This can include finding a work environment that is productive
This paper will assess the relevance of any three key ideas of social learning theory to teaching and learning which are observational learning, imitation, and modeling 1. Observational Learning According to Bandura (1997) social learning theory is the learning process whereby people retain behavior patterns from observing others, and the person is enabled to pass on these patterns of behaviour to others. This theory emphasizes on the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. He states that learning would be exceedingly difficult and hazardous, if people had to rely solely on the effects of their own actions to inform them what to do. Fortunately, most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling; from observing others, one forms an idea of how new behaviors are performed, and on later occasions this coded information serves as a guide for future actions.
Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) - Started as the Social Learning Theory (SLT) in the 1960s by Albert Bandura. - It states that learning occurs in a social context with a dynamic and reciprocal interaction of the person, environment, and behavior - People learn through observing other people’s behavior, attitudes, and outcomes of those behaviors. “Most human behavior is learned observationally through modeling: from observing others, one forms and idea of how new behaviors are performed and on later occasions serve as a guide action” – Bandura *Reciprocal Determinism - Is the central concept of SCT. - 3 Factors: * the environment * the individual and, * the behavior itself. Essentially, Bandura believes that an individual's behavior influences and is influenced by both the social world and personal characteristics.
Compare and contrast any two major theoretical perspectives in Sociology Sociology is the study of human social life, groups and societies. Through sociology, we are able to understand the structures and dynamics of our society. In our society, we have institutions, which are basically organisations that exist over time. Although people may change, the structure continues to exist. Examples include the family, education, religion, and economic and political institutions.
This science has allowed for collected data and theories to be tested and proven on the effects of exterior motives that implement individual behavior. Define social psychology Social psychology concentrates on individual behavior in a social context. Baron, Byrne & Suls (1989) define social psychology as “the scientific field that seeks to understand the nature and causes of individual behavior in social situations”. (p. 6). Social psychologist observe human behavior and significance of influence by outside sources such as people, society, environment, and culture.
Social Psychology Definition Paper February 3rd, 2013 Psy/400 Adrian Fletcher Axia Campus University of Phoenix Social Psychology Definition Paper Social psychology is a study in which a researcher or psychologist studies individuals in their social context and is also a discipline that uses scientific methods. Social psychologist’s look at or study many social topics, some of these topics include; social perception, group behavior, conformity, leadership, prejudice, and aggression. Social psychology is not only about looking at social influences, it is also about social perception and social interaction which needs to be understood first before one is able to understand social psychology completely. Social psychology is very important to us because it allows us to study how individuals will act in different social situations. For instance; we are able to learn how stereotypes are formed, why there is racism, and also how a person’s behavior changes in different types of situations.
Bandura holds that behavior is learnt through observational learning process from the environment. Children observe the individuals around them behaving in certain ways. The paper, therefore, focuses on explaining what social learning theory is in detail through looking at its implications on children. In this theory, people that are being observed are known as models. In all societies, children are surrounded by a variety of influential objects including guardians or parents in the family, friends in their peer groups, teachers at schools and religious institutions, and characters on television (Akers, 2009).
Social Influences on Behavior Erika Whitacre PSY300 Betsy Ferronato July 7, 2014 Social Influences on Behavior Social psychology is the study of human behavior is response to other people and social situations. Within this study, factors contributing to the shift in behavior when around peers include self concept, social cognition, theory of attribution, social influence, group processes, prejudice and discrimination, interpersonal process, aggression, attitudes, as well as stereotypes. Social psychologists examine how these factors and conditions contribute to the behavior, feelings, thoughts, intentions, and goals of an individual within a group setting (McLeod, 2007). Humans are social by nature and learn through observation as well as instinct. This is apparent through the differences in culture and how that produces difference of opinion, attire, family dynamic and verbal communication.
The social learning theory states that people learn from one another through observation, imitation and modelling. The theory has often been called a bridge between behaviourist and cognitive learning theories because it takes into mediating cognitive factors such as attention, memory, and motivation. In crime, the social learning theory plays an important role in explaining offending behaviour. It is explained through the differential association theory developed by Surtherland (1939). The theory claims that learning crime takes place through observing people (like peers, parents and so on), from there if the person if exposed to more pro-criminal attitudes than anti-criminal attitudes then they are more likely to offend.