1. Explain the purpose of the following types of assessment in learning and development • Initial Assessment • Formative Assessment • Summative Assessment Formative Assessment Initial assessment provides the information needed to plan an individual’s learning and improve their chances of learning effectively. Without it, there are only assumptions. It’s always possible to make some predictions about learners from an application form or selection test, but it’s an insecure basis for planning. Learners themselves bring assumptions about learning based on the past, and some of these may get in the way of looking ahead to a new way of learning.
While rooted in many of the basic concepts of traditional learning theory, Bandura believed that direct reinforcement could not account for all types of learning. His theory added a social element, arguing that people can learn new information and behaviours by watching other people. Known as observational learning, this type of learning can be used to explain a wide variety of behaviours. Basic Social Learning Concepts There are three core concepts at the heart of social learning theory. First is the idea that people can learn through observation.
Social learning theory was introduced by Albert Bandura and embodies concepts of established learning theory and operant conditioning. Social learning theory implies that social elements can result in development of new learning among individuals. Social learning theory is based on the concept that individuals learn behavior from others as he or she observes. Social learning theory has explained the relationship between learning and developing new behaviors as he or she observes behaviors of other individuals. The basic concepts of the social learning theory include observations and the assumption that individuals learn by watching other individual’s behaviors and actions.
The important influence of behaviors on learning can be studied by the behavior that occurs after learning has been initiated or stored. Behavior and learning are codependent on each other. Behavior is observable, and this makes the process of learning more easily observable as well. The two types of behavioral learning have aided in understanding the concepts involved in improved learning through conditioning. These new realizations have been converted into the classrooms to better educate students.
Playing and learning in children’s education E1/A In (appendices 1), the Nursery World article written by Fisher. J (2012) talks about how the role of the practitioner should plan for a balance between adult –led learning and child –led learning. This means that the adult needs to observe children closely to see how they are developing. When the practitioner stands back during child-led play, they can gain lots of information about a child, how they use their environments and resources. This helps to meet their learning needs if the practitioner then uses this information to plan the next steps.
cognitive behavior essay Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Approach Charles Fryar Grand Canyon University Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Approach The Cognitive Behavioral Intervention Approach relies on some of the same principles of behavior modification. The CBI approach calls for students are to conduct a healthy portion of self-evaluation, self-monitoring, and observation. In this essay we will discuss the models, procedures, effects, and limitations of the cognitive behavioral approach with relationship to children with emotional and behavior disorders (EBD). Procedures used in the approach such, as anger control training, alternate response training, self- instructional training, verbal mediation, and self-management will be included. Components for instance emotions, thoughts, and behavior will be discussed on how they interrelate to the approach.
Social learning theory is about behavior that is learned from the environment through observational learning which could not occur unless cognitive processes are at work. This theory suggests that "humans are active information processors and think about the relationship between their behavior and its consequences". Since this focus group consisted of parents with children, this theory was appropriate to utilize. Generally, children observe the people around them that are behaving in different ways and perceive them as models. Those influential models include parents within the family, TV characters/commercials , friends, and school teachers which provide examples of behavior.
Identifying what type of personality is present enables students develop study plans that are best suited for success. As important as it is to understand personal intelligence and personality types, it may become more important to understand the intelligence and personality types of your peers. Group activities and discussions are an integral part of the distance learning. In order for all students to get the most out of these settings, an understanding of how others think, process and react is a must. Understanding the strengths of fellow students allows one to improve areas of weakness by absorbing what is imparted by fellow students.
A current application of this concept today can be found, many of the national curriculum material include interactive activities and even educational software for the child to engage in self-controlled learning. Behaviourist Theorists such as John Watson and B.F. Skinner contributed greatly to the behaviourist perspective of development. Behaviourists believe the child’s environment shapes learning and behaviour; in fact, human behaviour, development and learning are thought of as reactions to the environment. This perspective leads many families, schools, and educators to assume that young children develop and acquire new knowledge by reacting to their surroundings. Many environmentalist-influenced educators and parents believe that young children learn best by role activities, such as reciting the alphabet over and over, copying letters, and tracing numbers.
Different people adjust to different strategies. Most people adjust to more than one strategy. We just need to identify which ones through assessment. How the Awareness of Learning Strategies Influence Teaching and Learning It is important for teachers to understand what a student is going through in their process of learning new information. If you know the learning style of the student, it is easier to convey the message you are trying to convey.