Barbara Oswald 3-31-2011 Sociology Broken-windows theory is the thought that when low levels of crime and disorder and deviance are not held in check, then more serious crime is likely to follow. It was a theory proposed by Kelling in 1982. The broken-windows theory has had an effect on policing in the past, and will play a role in how policing is done in the future. First let’s look at how the broken-windows theory has impacted policing in the past. Broken-windows theory has suggested a way of thinking in the community.
This can be a result of laziness or even shame. Often times, a rough home life may be the reason for a child to do poorly academically. These days, many children do not have what used to be considered a common home life, with two parents in the home. In these situations, the student should not be allowed to coast through school with nothing but sympathy. Instead, the child’s home life should be taken into consideration, and dealt with on a case-by-case basis.
Many people argue that development is vital in the younger years in the child’s life, and the ability to solve problems and apply ideas help in the long-term. Hyman argues that the lower classes create a self imposed barrier to learning their values. This is because he believes that they have a low value on education, with a ‘play safe’ culture and also a low level of self belief. This would all impact on the child performance at school as they would not have the attitude needed to progress. If at any point they failed, they would see this as a big mistake and give up and have a lack of motivation.
Even though all of these strains have an influence on the racial differences in crime, I believe that the community contributes a lot to these differences. By observing at a community, one can derive that a community branches out to numerous types of strain. According to the text, African Americans show a disproportionate number of residents who occupy areas where there are higher rates of violence and economical disadvantages. These disadvantaged neighborhoods usually lack good public schools, job opportunities, and more often promote criminal behavior. With the lack of job opportunities in a poverty infused area, one might succumb to criminal
Crime can only be a social problem if it breaks rules in the social system. The human societies often have different minds to what a social problem consists of. There are many known definitions of social problems throughout different societies and worldwide. Criminology in the narrow sense is concerned with the study of the phenomenon of crime, and of the factors or circumstances which may have influence on or be associated with the criminal behaviour and the state of crime in general. The understanding of criminology is to see social problems and cause of the crimes and how they have affect on people in society.
A community that is left untended can lead to an out of control community. It could be untended children, untended homes, untended vehicles, and untended yards. If houses are not cared for, it gives criminals the impression that the residents do not care for their community. The untended houses opens the community for more disorders, such as drunkenness and loitering. These disorders can lead more serious crimes.
Social Trends By: Swandonna Rone Class: Criminology Instructor: David Di Bari Date: 04/07/12 One of the main things I think will always impact the criminal justice system is a person Socioeconomic Status (SES). SES is often measured as a combination of education, income and occupation. SES affects overall human function: our physical and mental health, the neighborhood in which we live, our daily activities, and our access to resources. Those that posses a low SES are the one more likely to commit crimes, because they are trying to get more than they have or afford, and don’t care about the risk of their wrong doings. I think that a stricter Crime Control will suit the crime problems in the future.
While the increase in homicide rate from 2010 to 2011 may seem small there are certainly many schemes that the Philadelphia Police Department should be looking into in order to ensure that no further increase occurs. Problem oriented policing is an effective way to handle and prevent specific problems such as homicide and it is clear that other cities like Boston, Jersey City, Kansas City and Jacksonville have been met with success when they have implanted such schemes. For Philadelphia’s specific problem of gun crime specialized patrol could prove valuable and effective in reducing homicide rate as homicide is so closely tied to firearm availability and use. However, I do not think that one scheme in isolation will be the most effective plan in long term reduction which is why hot spot policing would add further success to a problem oriented policing scheme for Philadelphia. Specialized patrols for guns and hot spot policing are only two suggestions of how to implement problem oriented policing and tackle the homicide rate but the true advantage of implementing problem oriented policing is that it can and should be reviewed periodically and changed based on where the city’s major problems lie.
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY: FAMILY STRUCTURE Juveniles are thought to be mischievous, almost expected to be in trouble. Realizing and understand what is too far is a major factor. Any action has consequences, but the measure of recidivism is what determines a delinquent from simple mischief. Broken homes seem to have hardship written all over it. The link between a broken home and delinquency are strongly believed.
When someone is labelled an offender they are forced by society to live according to this label which could minimise their chances of being law abiding citizens and limit their chances of finding decent jobs. When deviants realise that society is defining them as thieves or offenders, they feel the need to act out on these labels. Deviants then try to adapt to their new profile by participating in various deviant (criminal)