In contrast to this, Rosenblum’s article explores the perception of war from the view of the solider and the tension between “Romantic militarism” and liberalism. Talmon’s chapter makes connections to many romantic themes by relating events to the dominant forces or ideas at work in the era—such as the French and the Industrial Revolution. And finally, Coleridge’s poem reveals the influence of the French Revolution upon British Romanticism. Portraying nature as a spiritual gateway, he utilizes the natural world as an escape from his fears of a potential invasion in England. In each of these
Imagine, it is 1793, and the people of France are in a state of terror. King Louis XVI has just been executed, and Robespierre and the Jacobins have taken over the power in France, creating a Reign of Terror. The Reign of Terror was a period fifteen months after the onset of the French Revolution when struggles between rival factions led to mutual radicalization. The country was divided between two radical political groups; the Girondins and the Jacobins. The Girondins believed in a democratic government with some power going to the citizens.
Writers during the Romantic Period wrote from their imaginations rather than presenting life realistically. So, in contrast to the realistic literature written during the Enlightenment, literature written during the Romantic Period was imaginative and unrealistic. Romantic literature was also a break with classicism, which creates its own themes and forms.
Napoleon's first major mistake was made in March of 1808, when Napoleon intervened in a dispute between the present king of Spain and the king's son. He placed them both in prison and put his own brother on the throne. The people of Spain did not take too kindly to this act and so began a bloody war that was not defined by major battles, but by guerrilla warfare that kept a large number of French troops occupied to keep control of the country. French troops would end up executing hundreds of Spaniards who were thought to be resisting French power. Britain saw an opportunity to weaken Napoleon's empire by landing 13,000 troops on the coast of Portugal, where they made their way up along Spain's coastline.
Wikipedia defines Romanticism as “a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe (...). It was partly a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature." (Wikipedia) The Romantics proclaimed individualism and personal freedom, which resulted in their support of various revolutions of national minorities. In Romanticism, two farther ideological movements take their origin: Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism. Transcendentalists just like the Romantics, proclaimed individualism and personal freedom.
Surrealist artists Salvador Dali and Rene Magritte have communicated meaning by using the subjective frame in their artworks. The utilisation of symbolism, contrasting colours, juxtaposition and space help further enhance these messages. Whereas Dali aims to amuse, intrigue and shock the audience, Magritte’s artworks confront the audiences normals views and beliefs. Salvador Dali’s 1931 artwork ‘The Persistence of Memory’ is one of the most famous and iconic Surrealist paintings, combining everyday life and the dreamlike, subconscious world. Dali communicates his message of time and how it is slowing down by using symbolism, juxtaposition and colour.
The ways that the revolutionaries were successful In consolidating power was when Maximilien Robespierre was leading the national assembly in 1794, and was looking for a way to make sure that no counter revolutions took place, and he believed that the best way to do this was to kill off all of the citizens who did not believe in the revolution. This time in France became known as “The Reign of Terror” and is seen as the bloodiest time in France’s history. Tens of thousands of people were killed, many of which may not have even been guilty of the crimes they were accused of. Georges Danton stated at the time “let us be terrible, in order that the people are not so…let us embody terror, so as to prevent the people from doing so” Danton believed that this was needed to show that the revolution was strong and shouldn’t be challenged, but he later on changes his mind and Robespierre has him sent to the ‘national razor’ (the guillotine). This helped to consolidate their power because it showed that they were serious and that they were willing to kill to keep the new revolution, so the terror was a big success for the revolutionaries.
Surrealism is an art form that started in Europe in the 1920s. It was actually in response to the Dada movement, a movement founded on the general disdain for war and living conditions. Surrealism was also a protest to the current lack social and moral values, but instead of the absurd, “anti-art” works seen in Dadaism, artists were to look into their dreams and subconscious for inspiration for their work. Surrealism was initially found in poetry and writings, but soon became part of the art world as well. Many Surrealists were inspired by Sigmund Freud and his work with the subconscious mind (www.moma.org).
A1 Describe the earlier period. 1) Romanticism began in Europe around 1800 and flourished until mid-century. It emphasized emotion and extreme passion in opposition to the rigid reason and ordered required in earlier periods. The American and French Revolutions along with the Industrial Revolution period ending caused an increase in politics to be portrayed through the arts. Concern for the well-being of others, encouragement of emotions, and awareness of the world became a cultural movement in the arts (MindEdge, Inc., 2014).
The Spanish then went on to kill and capture Incan soldiers and Atahualpa probably realised then that the Spanish were after gold and silver and were not there for peace. Atahualpa actually offered them rooms full of gold and silver as a ransom for them to let him go but sadly he was never granted his freedom and was eventually killed on August 29, 1533 (The Fall of the Inca Empire). After taking control of the city Cajamarca the Spanish went on to capture the capital, Cusco and there they picked Atahualpa's brother as the new Sapa Inca giving them a puppet that they could control to their will. The Spanish conquest was the breaking point for the empire because it completely destroyed the empire pushing it to its fall. However, there was still one factor that ruined the Inca empire but didn’t push it because it was a civil war between two brothers within the