Astronomy 10 Chapter 11 1. Both used to be normal stars but the white dwarf ran out of hydrogen, they are both subjected to gravitational theories. A Neutron star is a fluid of neutrons, as hot at its surface as the inside of the sun and has a greater magnetic field. 3. Because its density is so high, neutrons spin in the same way that electrons do so must obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
The composition is nitrogen and oxygen. You can only see Pluto with a telescope. Its surface is dark brown and a little yellow. The Hubble space telescope barely showed any definition of the surface, because Pluto is so small and far. Pluto can only be seen by the light derived from its largest moon,
If light can’t escape from a black hole, then it must be invisible - therefore how can we know that the black holes exist? Black Holes, if theories of their existence are true, black holes are the most powerful force in the known physical universe. Many people are familiar with the term black hole, but few people actually know anything about them. A black hole forms as a result of a massive star running out of fuel to burn (Black Holes, Relativity, and Fate of the Universe by Eric Chaisson, p.193). Once the star is no longer exerting outward force by burning off gases, it begins to collapse under its own intense, inward gravity (Chaisson, p.193).
Sunspots near the Sun's equator rotate at a faster rate than those near the solar poles. The following high resolution image shows a close-up view of a moderately large sunspot. The field of view covers about 60000 km horizontally, and 38000 km vertically. The penumbral diameter of this sunspot is about 16500 km; the Earth, with an equatorial radius of 6378 km, would cover up the umbra but not the penumbra. Sunspots can be quite small ([IMAGE]1500 km diameter), and reach sizes up to 50000 km.
The arrangement of particles in an atom Protons and neutrons make up the main, dense, central nucleus in the centre of the atom. This is surrounded by electrons “orbiting” the main nucleus. The electron are in shells depending on their energy levels, as the most energetic are on the outer shells, because they need more energy to travel around a bigger “orbit” of the nucleus. These shells are full when a certain amount of atoms are in the shell; 2 in the first shell, 8 in the next shell, 8 in the third shell and so on. When the shells are full, the atom is unreactive.
The theory is named in his honor, the Schwarzschild radius. When stars begin to collapse, it depends on how big the star is and how much it collapses on itself. For a star whose mass is less than about 1.2 times the mass of the sun, the subsequent contraction does not become a violent collapse. Although the star can no longer support itself by thermal pressure, as gravity pulls it even father inwards the star discovers a new source of pressure: electrons in the star’s atoms are being compressed more and more tightly together, and they resist such compression, even at low temperatures. Consequently the thermal pressure is gradually replaced by electrons degeneracy pressure, which eventually become sufficient to halt the star’s contraction and which eventually supports it completely against the inward pull of gravity (Hawking 7).
Which of the following planets is NOT a gas giant? a. Earth b. Jupiter c. Saturn d. Uranus 16. The sun gets its energy from a. burning fuel b. nuclear fusion c. shrinking due to gravity d. convection 17. The number of on any planet can be used to estimate how old the surface is.
Meteorites are heavy. Most meteorites are much denser than ordinary Earth rocks. The unusual weight is due to high iron content. Even stone meteorites will feel heavier in the hand than most Earth rocks. Meteorites likely traveled in space for millions of years before visiting us here on Earth.
No longer are they looked upon as the gods or answers, but they still carry much intrigue for people. The nine planets in our solar system have very unique characteristics, and help us understand many things about the universe. The Solar System contains the Sun, eight planets, at least three dwarf planets, more than 130 satellites, and a large number of small bodies such as comets and asteroids. The Solar System is located in the Milky Way galaxy, which contains about 200 billion stars and multiple other solar systems such as ours. The inner Solar System contains four of the eight planets in our solar system.
Carbon dioxide concentrations were about five times higher than they are today and the average global temperature was 6 – 8 degrees higher than it is today. The earth’s temperature depends on the balance between energy entering and energy leaving the planet’s system. Electromagnetic radiation enters the planet’s system, and much of it is converted to infrared radiation (heat) which warms our planet, and sunlight is used by plants for photosynthesis. One has to only look at the example of the Moon to see how vital the Earth’s atmosphere is for the existence of life. The Moon has no atmosphere to block some of the sun’s rays in the day or to trap heat at night, and this is why temperatures on the Moon range from -233 degrees Celsius to 123 degrees Celsius at those respective times.