Carl Jung was born in Switzerland in 1875, and educated largely in Basel. Jung was a psychologist and psychiatrist, and the credited with being the founder of analytical psychology. His work and influence covers a number of different areas, and he is considered to be one of the greatest thinkers to have theorised about life and how people relate to it. In order to consider the concept in question; Jung’s theories concerning personality types, it is first useful to gain a clear understanding of what is meant by the term personality. The Collins English Dictionary (2009) defines personality as being ‘the sum total of all the behavioural and mental characteristics by means of which an individual is recognized as being unique’.
Hume used the inductive method, which goes from the particular to the universal. Hume believes that knowledge is likely. Descartes believed in the existence of innate ideas in man, undeniable truths and safe, but Hume denies, since for him the human mind at birth is like a blank book in which you type through the experience (Spicker, 2000). Rationalism is a philosophical theory which originates in the thought of Descartes (1596-1650, French philosopher). Do not forget either that rationalism did not involve the overcoming of religious thought; on the contrary, the notion of God was very important in the rationalist philosophical systems (Joachim, 2006).
Kant (1724-1804) believed that an awareness of how people ought to live had been given to us by God, and referred to it as the 'highest good' (summum bonum). He also believed we should never use other people for our own advantage, and that the best test for working out if were doing the right thing was to imagine what would happen if everyone else did the same. Freud proposed the theory that children develop a sexual attraction for the parent of the opposite sex to argue against Kant’s moral argument, Freud developed model of the mind there are three parts, the a healthy mind he thought was one where there’s three elements, the id, ego and the super ego , are in harmony and appetite Freud gives the name id to the part of the mind in which human instincts such as desire are often suppressed by our conscious mind, but they can surface throughout dreams. The superego is of the ego. The superego is in some ways similar to the conscious.
“Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue?” Sigmund Freud’s most vital contribution to the study of psychology and human behaviour was his notion of the “dynamic unconscious”. This view was that the unconscious mind played a precisely important role in determining how an individual behaved. Freud put forward the principle of multiple determinations, which suggests that every psychic event is determined by the simultaneous action of several others. He saw the unconscious mind as the actual source of mental energy, which determined behaviour. He based his belief on the results of trials with hypnosis.
Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment TaWonnia Jackson PSY250 September 6, 2012 Loretta Harris Psychoanalytic Personality Assessment The following statements discussed will analyze the components of the psychoanalytic approach to personality. The theories of Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler are compared and contrasted by research found. There will be characteristics of two theories along with descriptions of the stages to Freud’s theory, and characteristics along with Freudian's defense mechanisms. Each theorist’s had their own unique way of developing their very own theory. Sigmund Freud's theory is the psychoanalytic theory unique to a certain point and which it has developed formal models describing the ways in which individuals process information on different levels (Bornstein, 2010).
Freud believed the human personality consisted of 3 areas; The Super Ego which is a set if moral controls given to us by outside influences. It is our moral code or conscience and it is in conflict with the id. Secondly, The Ego, which is the conscious self, the part of a human that is seen by the outside world. Lastly, there was the ID. This was the unconscious self, the part of the mind containing basic drives and repressed memories, it is a moral and has no concern about right and wring and is only concerned with itself.
Dewey felt that only scientific method could reliably increase human good. With being said we can assume that Dewey did not believe in God or Jesus Christ. Because Dewey’s views are the way they are it would be easy to point out the differences in his Ideas and those of Jesus Christ. Dewey believed that schooling should be humanistic instead of Christian. Of the idea of God, Dewey said, "it denotes the unity of all ideal ends arousing us to desire and actions.” Jesus Christ had a different belief when it came to the existence of God and the increase of “human good”.
Discuss the psychodynamic approach. Refer to another approach in your answer. The psychodynamic approach began with and is largely based on the ideas and theories of the psychologist Sigmund Freud. Since his institution of the psychoanalytical theory, it has been expanded on by other psychologists such as Erik Erikson. This was also the first “real” form of psychology (i.e.
Comparison of Thoreau and Nietzsche’s differences of philosophies regarding nonviolence In King’s lecture, Thoreau and Nietzsche were regarded as representatives from different positions. King considered Thoreau as a supporter of the standpoint that the internal value should have transcended the external, or the technological improvements of human would benefit nothing. On the other hand, he took Nietzsche as an opponent to “all-embracing and unconditional love for all men”. More than King’s evaluation to them, their philosophies with regard to nonviolence also differ a lot. Their basic altitudes towards the democracy and nonviolence conflict with each other.
Explain the theory of duty in Kantian Ethics (25 marks) Kantian ethics is an absolutist theory as Kant claimed what is morally ‘good’ is constant and unchanging. Because of this, it can be a universal concept applied in different societies and cultures with the idea that an action should only be performed for duty’s sake. His approach was deontological because the idea of right or wrong was based on the action rather than the consequence, he believed that this was the only rational basis for morality and could be proven objectively, independent from emotion and opinion. As humans we have the innate ability to reason, something which we gained prior to any sensory experience in this world. This is an idea which is absolute and according to Kant, the way we decide the morality of an action.