Protracted Conflicts Between Israel and Palestine

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Before World War I, the Middle East region, including the Ottoman Syria (the southern part of which are regarded as Palestine or the Land of Israel), was under the control of the Ottoman Empire for nearly 400 years. The roots of the conflict can be traced to the late 19th century, with the rise of national movements, including Zionism and Arab nationalism. (Though the Jewish aspiration to return to Zion had been part of Jewish religious thought for more than a millennium, the Jewish population of Europe and to some degree Middle East began to more actively discuss immigration back to the Land of Israel, and the re-establishment of the Jewish Nation, only during the 1859 to 1880s, largely as a solution to the widespread persecution of Jews due to anti-Semitism in Russia and Europe.) As a result, the Zionist movement, was established as a political movement in 1897. The Zionist movement called for the establishment of a nation-state for the Jewish people in Palestine, which would serve as a haven for the Jews of the world and in which they would have the right for self-determination. Zionists increasingly came to hold that this state should be in their historic homeland, which they referred to as the Land of Israel. among the first recorded violent incidents between Arabs and Jews in Palestine was the accidental shooting dead of an Arab man in Safed, during a wedding in December 1882, by a Jewish guard of the newly formed Rosh Pina. In response, about 200 Arabs descended on the Jewish settlement throwing stones and vandalizing property. Zionist ambitions were increasingly identified as a threat by the Arab leaders in Palestine region.[10] Certain developments, such as the acquisition of lands from Arab owners for Jewish settlements, leading to the eviction of the fellaheen from the lands which they cultivated as tenant farmers, aggravated the tension between
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