Pid Controller Lab Report

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INTRODUCTION PID Controller can be used as proportional controller, Proportional-Integral Controller, Proportional-Derivative Controller or Proportional-Integral-Derivative controller. The "P" setting, is the output of the controller is proportional to the change in the process variable. The "I" part of the controller is the integral or reset. With the "I" setting, the controller output continues to change based on the amount of time there is an error between set point and the process variable (PV). The "D" part of the controller stands for derivative or rate action. "D" action. With derivative action, the output of the controller changes based on the rate of change in the process variable. The basic PID control action is the sum of individual proportional, integral and derivative terms. Unlike conventional analog controllers, there is no interaction between proportional, integral and derivative time settings. QUESTIONS 1) Refer graph system gain versus proportional band. 2) Refer graph Integral Time. 3) The derivative gain calculated is tabulated in Table 2. 4) Based on the observation, proportional controller sets the manipulated variable in proportion to the difference between the setpoint and the measured variable. The bigger the difference, the greater the change in the manipulated variable. However the disadvantage is that when implementing a proportional only controller there will be an offset in the output. Thus there is always a difference between the set point and the actual ouput. The integral controller produce an output proportional with the summarized deviation between the set point and measured value and integrating gain or action factor. Integral controllers tend to respond slowly at first, but over a long period of time they tend to eliminate errors.The integral controller eliminates the steady-state error, but may

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