Another stimulus during the refractory period generally does not cause a new action potential. Once the axon has repolarized to - or near to - the resting membrane potential, a new action potential can be generated. During an action potential, depolarization of a section of the plasma membrane causes the adjacent section of the axon to also depolarize above threshold and generate a new action potential. In this way, the action potential is propagated down the axon. The amplitude (height of voltage spike) during depolarization remains constant as the action potential travels down the length of the axon.
Extra glucose cannot be used because of insulin deficiency and and blood glucose level rises, which contributes to further, adding to the osmotic diuresis. 4. What acid-based disturbances commonly occur and why? Arterial blood pH less than 7.30, serum bicarbonate level less than 15 mEq/L (15 mmol/L), and moderate-large ketones in the urine or blood ketones. 5.
I believe that Nick’s symptoms are likely caused by peripheral nerve damage. Peripheral neuropathy is nerve damage that occurs in the arms and legs. The feet and legs are more likely to be affected before hands and arms. According to the National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, symptoms of peripheral neuropathy may include: * Numbness or insensitivity to pain or temperature * Tingling, burning or prickling sensation * Sharp pains or cramps * Loss of balance and coordination Nick has some of the symptoms that have been listed. There could be some damage to the central nervous system but not very severe or the symptoms that Nick exhibits would be more severe.
c. Ψ = Ψp + Ψs Ψp, which is pressure potential and it, shows the tendency for water to move from an area from lower to higher pressure. Ψs, being solute potential, will show that water will move from an area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Ψ = -iCRT The ionization constant (i) will show that the greater the ionization lower the water potential, which increases water movement. The greater the concentration (C), the smaller the water potential and it increases the movement of water. The pressure constant (R) does not change water potential and movement.
Task 5 - 3report_potentials.pdf Predictions Exceeding threshold depolarization at the trigger zone______the likelihood of generation of an action potential. increases Action potential amplitude does not change with distance Increasing frequency of stimulation to the trigger zone does not change number of action potentials. Materials and Methods Experiment 1: Effect of Stimulus Strength on Action Potential Generation Dependent Variable membrane potential Independent Variable stimulus strength (voltage) Controlled Variables frequency of stimulation, type of neuron Experiment 2: Effect of Frequency of Stimulation on Action Potential Generation Dependent Variable membrane potential Independent Variable frequency of stimulation Controlled Variables stimulus strength (voltage), type of neuron 1. Which part of the neuron was stimulated? trigger zone 2.
For example, Braithwaite stimulated the nociceptors by injecting dilute vinegar or bee venom under the skin of the trout. The fish found these irritating chemicals unpleasant just like a human would. The effects made the fishes gills beat faster, rub the infected area on their tank, lose appetite, and have trouble making decisions.
Theoretically the photocurrent is supposed to level off once the saturation voltage is reached. The saturation voltage is the voltage that, once reached, the photocurrent no longer increases significantly, even if the voltage is increased further. The saturation voltage was not reached during the experiment, possibly due to the inability to reach an intensity high enough such that the photocurrent could reach saturation. For the second part of the experiment, different filters were used to change the frequency of light shined on the phototube. For each respective frequency of light, the cutoff voltage was recorded.
50. This type of chemical reaction will absorb more energy than it releases Endergonic 51. Phospholipids are NOT a major form of energy storage. 52. What is the anatomical term for groin?
Therefore the two kinds of fatty acids compete for same enzyme complex; however, monounsaturated fatty acids are formed in greater concentration than VLCSFA. The reduction in the elongation of VLCSFA and a diet low in VLCSFA will slow the demyelination
Systematic error in physical sciences commonly occurs with the measuring instrument having a zero error. A zero error is when the initial value shown by the measuring instrument is a non-zero value when it should be zero.1 Systematic error can be caused by various factors that constantly occur which is why they are difficult to steer clear of. The purpose of this experiment is to get acquainted with the effects of systematic errors and the different natures in which they exist leading to the inability to negate errors or losses for further reference future labs. Reagents |Compund |M.W |Amt. Used |B.P/M.P |Density |Structure | |Cyclohexane |84.16amu |“25ml” |80.74° C |0.779g/mL (l) |[pic]2 | |Benzoic Acid |122.12amu |1.00g |250°C |1.27g/ml |[pic]3 | Procedure/Observations 1.)