Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Congestive Heart Failure or CHF is a severe circulatory congestion due to decreased myocardial contractility, which results in the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs. In general, causes can be classified according to the following: a. Volume overload may cause the right ventricle to hypertrophy to compensate for added volume. b. Pressure overload usually results from an obstructive lesion, such as COA c. Decrease contractility can result from problems such as sever anemia, asphyxia, heart block and acidemia.
SBO’s may cause severe fluctuations in F&E balances. z. Potassium: may be an indication that the patient is not getting adequate absorption required. SBO’s may cause severe fluctuations in F&E balances. This may further complications related to the patient’s heart rhythms. {.
o Moisture damage to the skin can be caused to the individual due to being unable to cope with or without aids or support. o There is an increased risk of infection. o Individual isolates self due to fear of unable to manage needs. o Cognitive deterioration due to dehydration. o Fearful of loss of dignity.
Assess the likely immediate effects of two different forms of abuse on the health and wellbeing of adults and Evaluate the potential long term effects of these two types of abuse on the health and wellbeing of adults (M1 + D1) I am going to assess and evaluate the long term and short term effects of two types of abuse, they will be Physical and Sexual. Effects are the result of, outcome or impact of something. Immediate effects are straight away/now/instant whereas long-term effects are continuous/ongoing/consistent. Short term effects of Physical abuse are broken bones, bruises, scolds, suspicious bruising - face, head, chest, back, arms, genatalia, thighs, backs of legs and buttocks. Also if the person is hospitalised or needs surgery, poisoned from wrong medication, shock and disbelief.
Factors that put individuals at risk of skin breakdown and pressure sores are confinement to a bed, chair or wheel chair, Inability to change positions without help, loss of bowel or bladder control, poor nutrition and/or dehydration and decreased mental awareness. Describe how incorrect handling and moving techniques can damage skin.
Signs of stress might include lack of sleep, decreased immunity, high blood pressure, headache, back pain, heart palpitations, increased smoking, and abuse of drugs or alcohol, anxiety, sadness, and depression. Stress management can include physical activities and relaxation techniques. (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2009). Stressors can lead to the stress response system, best known as “the fight or flight response”. This is the body’s response to a threat or danger.
It develops as pulmonary hypertension exerts chronic pressure overload in the right ventricle. (Huether, 2012). Some clinical manifestations can be fatigue, chest discomfort, tachypnea, and dyspnea (particularly with exercise). The goal of treatment is to decrease the workload of the right ventricle by lowering pulmonary artery pressure and educating the patient. References Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
The clients weight and appearance are an indicator of nutritional status, loose fitting clothing could indicate recent or sudden weight loss, eating habits and dental issues should be assessed, as well as who is preparing the meals. Other activities of daily living should be examined including grooming and hygiene, urinary continence should be assessed at this time, and how much assistance is needed. Sexual function and relationship status should assessed, if the client is sexually active it is important to determine if the client is monogamous and in a long term relationship, as STD’s are on the rise with seniors. (Jameson, 2011) A thorough assessment of the clients ability to perform daily activities should be done, questions should include if the client can walk without problems and how far (at some point during the exam the client should be observed to objectively assess gait), does the client exercise and if so how long and how often, and if there is pain during exercise. The cognitive assessment should also include a mood/depression evaluation; questions should include recent family or friend losses, sleeping patterns, spirituality, feelings of sadness or hopelessness, and social interaction.
Assessment Task 3 – Independent research project Multiple Sclerosis Definition Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system where messages between the brain, spinal cord and optic nerves are disrupted. Symptoms and effects include: Motor control problems such as muscle spasms, fatigue, continence problems, and constant pain. The strain of dealing with this condition can result in social and psychological problems for example depression. Other symptoms are cognitive dysfunction and can result in the person having difficulty maintaining a train of thought or keeping up with a conversation when there are too many topics being discussed, and respiratory dysfunction, which courses an impairment of respiratory muscles. (http://www.msaustralia.org.au/understanding-ms) Key Issues
1.2 Identify pressure sites of the body Heels, bottom, elbows, legs anywhere on the body. 1.3 Identify factors which might put an individual at risk of skin breakdown and pressure sores Not being able to move around, get out of bed, being incontinent, not maintaining personal hygiene. 1.4 Describe how incorrect handling and moving techniques can damage the skin If you do not move a person right you may tear the skin, or bruise it 1.5 Identify a range of interventions that can reduce the risk of