Nt1210 Labs 3 and 4

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Lab 3 1. Why would a three-layer model of communication that has the layers physical, network, and application be insufficient to adequately describe network communication? Answer: There would be to much interference and the equipment will not work properly. 2. What is the history of the OSI reference model? How did it come about and why was it created? Answer: OSI is an open system on based on a seven layer model. This model was created by Charles Bachman. The basics of this system is it is layer btween other layers of networking. What is the history of the TCP/IP model? Why was it created? Use your textbook and Internet research to support your answer. Answer: The TCP/IP protocols were initially developed as part of the research network developed by the United States Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency it was created for a number of different protocols but had many flaws and was adapted for more of a business and house hold use Lab 3.2 1 How does the abstraction of the physical layer facilitate interoperability across networks using different types of physical wires? Answer: It is according to the kind of wire and how it is made up of, E.g. Copper Fiber optics. The physical layer includes electrons. The faster this can move back and forth from one point to another, the faster data is transferred, to have proper connection is just as important as the wire themselves to make a smooth transfer. 2. The OSI model is not directly implemented in networking and often the distinction between the layers will blur in implementation. Why does it endure despite these issues? Answer: The OSI model is a system that allows others to use it as learning tool. 3. Given the purpose of each, is it necessary to retain the top three layers of the OSI model as separate entities? Answer: Yes. Each layer

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