The human body produces hormones which act as “chemical messengers” to try to regulate certain bodily functions like metabolism and growth. These hormones are produced in the endocrine system which includes the adrenal, pancreas, pineal, pituitary, and thyroid glands and manage things like puberty, growth, and physical changes. Hormones help the body maintain homeostasis or a state of balance within the body. When the body produces to much or to little of a hormone it can cause both physical and emotional problems. The growth rate of children is for the most part controlled by the hormones produced from the thyroid and pituitary glands.
Hormones, which are chemical messengers, transfer information from one gland to another for important body functions. When the receptor is stimulated, the cell responds to the hormone in specific ways. Endocrine hormones are secreted into the bloodstream, while exocrine hormones are secreted into a duct and go through paracrine signaling. Hormones have many different effects on the body such as mood swings, metabolism regulation, control of the reproductive system, hunger cravings and many others. The glands which are involved in the endocrine system
Negative feedback means that whenever a change occurs in a system, this automatically causes a corrective mechanism to start, which reverses the original change and brings the system back towards the set point. One of the main things the homeostasis maintains is the amount of glucose in the body (Gluco Regulation). Glucose is a sugar needed by cells for respiration. It is important that the concentration of glucose in the blood is maintained at a constant level. Insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels in the body.
Insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, acts as a key for blood sugar. When sugar enters the bloodstream it has to be absorbed into the
Neurotransmitters (NT) act as chemical messengers in the body. Specifically, they function to transmit signals from a neuron to a target cell across a potential space known as a synapse, or synaptic cleft. In effect, this allows one nerve cell to communicate with a second nerve cell. Some common neurotransmitters are acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). Acetylcholine and norepinephrine are excitatory neurotransmitters while dopamine, serotonin, and GABA are inhibitory (Kau-Nu, 2011).
Acetylcholine acts as a neuromodulator which engage in direct synaptic transmission between specific neurons. In the CNS acetylcholine plays a role in attention and arousal in the PNS it works as a major part of the autonomic nervous system and works to activate muscles (Waymire, 1997). Acetylcholine is involved in voluntary movement, learning, memory, and sleep. | | | | Pharmacological agent prescribed to increasethe neurotransmitter: | List three possible side effects linked to this agent: | To increase the neurotransmitter in the body the supplement choline bitartrate and CDP-Choline and herbal agents ginseng and ginkgo biloba (Moore, 2013). | 1) Low blood pressure | | 2) Stomach ache | | 3) Increase perspiration and salivation (Moore, 2013) | Example of a neurological disorder, disease, or condition where this agent occurs | List possible risks associated with not taking this agent for the disorder, disease, or condition: | A severe autoimmune muscular disease by varying progressions of defects of the skeletal muscles in the body is known as myasthenia gravis.
Small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse in and out of the cells through the phospholipid bilayer; ions and glucose molecules enter and leave the cell via the channel proteins. Waste products such as nitrogenous compounds are carried to the kidneys and are excreted in the form of urine. Antidiuretic hormone, (ADH), is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. It is carried by the plasma to the kidney and stimulate the occurrence of water reabsorption. When the body is dehydrated, ADH is released, causing the collecting ducts to become more permeable.
The Hormones appear and create the act of a catalyst for the chemical changes that are needed for energy, development, and growth. There are two main types of hormones that exist. They are called steroids and peptide. Steroids are the general hormones related to fertility and sexual maturation of an individual. Steroids consist of cholesterol which comes from placentas in the womb.
Blood Glucose A blood glucose test measures the amount of a type of sugar, called glucose, in your blood. Glucose comes from carbohydrate foods. It is the main source of energy used by the body. Insulin is a hormone that helps your body's cells use the glucose. Insulin is produced in the pancreas and released into the blood when the amount of glucose in the blood rises.
The endocrine system consists of mainly the pituitary and pineal glands in the brain, the thyroid and parathyroid in the throat, the thymus gland which is located near the heart, the adrenal and sexual glands. The hypothalamus also plays an important role in stimulating certain hormones from the pituitary gland. On a lesser degree neurons also secrete hormones into the bloodstream. The pituitary gland lies close to the hypothalamus of the brain and is often referred to as the master gland. This is because it secretes various hormones that control all the other glands in the body when stimulated by the hypothalamus.