1. Which information about cirrhosis should the nurse remember when responding to Frank's wife? A) There are several types of cirrhosis with differing causes. CORRECT There are several types of cirrhosis with differing etiologies. The most common type of cirrhosis worldwide is postnecrotic cirrhosis which is the result of massive necrosis caused by hepatotoxins such as viral hepatitis.
It is caused by an infection called the rubeola virus. This virus is spread through droplet contact, this means the transmission is through droplets from your mouth or nose when an infected person coughs or sneezes. This virus can survive on a surface for a few hours so this means you can also contract it if you touch an infected surface and then touch your face or mouth. Once this virus infects your body it multiplies itself in your throat and then lungs and continues to spread and
Common symptoms are acral necrosis of the extremities (such as the toes, fingers, lips and tip of the nose), high fever, nausea, vomiting, and breathing difficulty. Left untreated, Yersinia pestis can multiply rapidly in the bloodstream, possibly causing septicemic plague or even creep towards the lungs causing pneumonic plague. In order to diagnose bubonic plague, testing in the laboratory is required. Identification of the bacterium Yersinia pestis culture in a sample of serum from a patient’s blood is used for confirmation of the
The acute phase response develops in a wide range of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions like bacterial, viral, or fungal infections; rheumatic and other inflammatory diseases; malignancy; and tissue injury or necrosis. These conditions cause release of interleukin-6 and other cytokines that trigger the synthesis of CRP and fibrinogen by the liver. During the acute phase response, levels of CRP rapidly increase within 2 hours of acute insult, reaching a peak at 48 hours. With resolution of the acute phase response, CRP declines with a relatively short half-life of 18 hours. Measuring CRP level is a screen for infectious and inflammatory diseases.
In conclusion, there are many similarities and differences between the Spanish Flu of 1918 and the H1N1 pandemics. The differences are that the Spanish Flu of 1918 was more deadly than H1N1 and H1N1 has hardest hit the age group between 25 to 49 years of age. The similarities are that research has proven that H1N1 is a descendant of the more deadly Spanish Flu, and both influenza started in the Springtime. Hopefully, the scientist who are studying H1N1 will produce a vaccine that will prevent and fight against this dangerous
Communicable Disease Outbreak: SARS Western Governors University HAT Task 3 SARS: Transmission and Epidemiology Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral illness specific to the respiratory system. SARS is caused by coronavirus which is in the same family of viruses that cause the common cold. This disease was first identified in 2002 (SARS, 2011). The symptoms of SARS are similar to that of the flu with a high fever, headache, body aches, general malaise, a cough with shortness of breath, and ultimately develops pneumonia (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Some patients develop diarrhea and may conservatively treat their symptoms at home until a worsening feeling overcomes them leading them to a health
Once someone contracts one of these types of disease, it can possibly be fatal. Fortunately, these types of diseases are now avoidable thanks to vaccines. All of these viruses and more now have an enemy, it’s called a vaccine. From the “Feed a cold, starve a fever” type of medicinal cure all, to the current prescription researched vaccines, today’s inoculations are the brick wall that diseases run into. According to The American Academy of Pediatrics "most childhood
You must be immunized within one week to four months prior to exposure for the vaccine to be effective. The vaccine is composed of inactivated organisms from several virus strains with scientist attempt to include the most recent mutation. Vaccines are typically 67-92 percent effective. Although most people recover fully from the flu, some develop serious complications, including life threatening conditions such as pneumonia. About 20,000 people in the United States die from flu complications each year and thousands more need to be hospitalized prior to recovery.
This is a huge problem, because such adults may unknowingly infect unvaccinated children. To know for sure, the health care provider may take a sample of mucus from the nose nasal secretions and send it to a lab, which tests it for pertussis. While this can offer an accurate diagnosis, the test some time, and treatment is usually started before the results are ready. Some patients may have a complete blood count that shows an elevation in numbers of
Though less likely, you may also catch the flu virus by touching phones, door handles or other inanimate objects and then touching your own eyes, nose, or mouth. The incubation period for influenza is commonly 2 days but can range anywhere from one to four days from initial contact with the virus. Once the onset of symptoms occur, a person can transmit the virus for up to seven days, individuals may even be contagious one day prior to the onset of flu like symptoms. You’ll know when you have the flu once your symptoms start to appear. The flu begins abruptly, causing high fevers, generally 102 -106F, headache, tiredness, dry cough, sore throat, muscle aches and stiffness, chills, fatigue, malaise, sweating, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, lack of appetite, and worsening of other illnesses such as heart failure or asthma.