(A 1 a, B 1 b, C 1 c, D 1 d). When crossing over occurs, the chromosomes will cross and the genes will be exchanged from one chromosome to another. (A 1 a, b1 B, c 1 C, D 1 d). Crossing-over occurs during meiosis I. 15.
Which sex cells join together during fertilization is a random process. New combinations of genes occur, producing genetic variation 2. During meiosis, chromosome pairs sort themselves independently and randomly (this is called random segregation). This produces genetic variation also. 3.
Cell division stops until p53 binds to DNA and repairs the damage. C. p53 is an example of an oncogene, and its expression causes uncontrolled cell division. D. activation of p53 leads to inhibition of the S-phase cyclin-CDK complex. 6. All of the following statements correctly describe M-Cdk, EXCEPT: A. M-Cdk causes the cell to enter S phase and begin DNA replication.
The rRNA form mixes with proteins to form the large and small subunit. The subunits then leave the nucleus from the nuclear pore and head into the cytoplasm. The subunits combine to make a
Errors in nucleotide sequences are called ____________________. 29. Errors in nucleotide sequencing are corrected by enzymes called ____________________ ____________________. 30. The circular DNA molecules in prokaryotes usually contain ____________________ replication forks during replication, while linear eukaryotic DNA contains many more.
These sister chromatids are then separated in anaphase as the spindle microtubules attaches to centromere and pulls the sister chromatids to opposite poles. As the sister chromatids separate they are called chromosomes. This means that each pole has the same chromosomes (same genetic material). Finally the microtubules break down, the chromosomes uncoil and the nuclear membrane reforms. The cell then divides into two daughter cells with genetically identical
To form a strand of DNA, nucleotides are linked into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups alternating (. DNA has a double helix structure and has two strands running in opposite directions (UIC, 2013). 2. How does an organism’s genotype determine its phenotype? Genotype determines the genetic makeup of an individual organism.
Comparison chart | Meiosis | Mitosis | Definition: | A type of cellular reproduction in which the number of chromosomes are reduced by half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell. | A process of asexual reproductionin which the cell divides in two producing a replica, with an equal number of chromosomes in haploid cell | Function: | sexual reproduction | Cellular Reproduction & general growth and repair of the body | Type ofReproduction: | Sexual | Asexual | Occurs in: | Humans, animals, plants, fungi | all organisms | Genetically: | different | identical | Crossing Over: | Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur. | No, crossing over cannot occur.
Name: _____________________________________________ Date: __________________________ Mitosis & Meiosis Study Guide Vocabulary Know the definitions of the following words. Words have been categorized according to whether they go with Mitosis or Meiosis and listed to show comparisons between the 2 processes. 1. Mitosis – The process by which a cell makes an exact copy of itself (cell division) 2. Meiosis – The process by which sex cells (sperm and egg) are formed by reducing the number of chromosomes by half.
Along the lagging strand's template, primase builds RNA primers in short bursts. DNA polymerases are then able to use the free 3'-OH groups on the RNA primers to synthesize DNA in the 5'→3' direction. The RNA fragments are then removed by DNA polymerase I for prokaryotes or DNA polymerase δ for eukaryotes (different mechanisms are used in eukaryotes and prokaryotes) and new deoxyribonucleotides are added to fill the gaps where the RNA was present. DNA ligase then joins the deoxyribonucleotides together, completing the synthesis of the lagging strand. [edit] Primer removal In eukaryotic primer