Investigation into the effect of variation in temperature on the permeability of cell membranes using fresh beetroot. Identification of trends and patterns As the temperature was raised, more pigment leaked out of the beetroot disks, which in turn meant that less light was able to be transmitted through the liquid. For example, at 80°c the percentage light transmission through the liquid was 0%. At 20°c the percentage light transmission through the liquid was 76%. This proving the above statement.
Allow the splint to burn until the color fades. Don’t let any solids to fall into the burner. -Soak the wooden splint in the “rinse water” to put it out completely; move it to trash. -Record observations on flame color produced by the metallic salt in the Data Table. -Repeat above steps (middle section) for all metallic salts (five total).
The red pigment present in beetroot (that was mentioned above) is Betalain, a water-soluble (thus making the pigment is suitable for diffusion into an aqueous environment) glycoside with some or all of the sugar groups removed. They can be divided into betacyanins and betaxanthins based upon their molecular structure. The betacyanin pigment of beetroot is normally stored in the vacuole of the beet root
During blood feeding, the damage caused to the host blood vessels usually results in vasoconstriction that may increase insect feeding time due to restricted blood flow to their mouth parts. Blood-sucking insect saliva usually contains components promoting vasodilation. Vasodilators such as, a peptide tachykinin has been characterized in Aedes aegypti that facilitate efficient blood feeding. Tachykinins also act as pharmacological
Protects the bacteria from phagocytosis allowing the bacteria to stay in the body 6. pure culture 7. It is differential based on hemolysis of the agar. Hemolysis can be wide-narrow band beta, alpha, gamma, or none. 8. candle jar in microbiology is used for anaerobiosis in which a lit candle is placed in an air tight jar and if it went out, it would be because it used up all the available oxygen. 9. any streptococcus capable of hemolyzing erythrocytes, classified as α-hemolytic type, producing a zone of greenish discoloration much smaller than the clear zone produced by
Then measure the distance of each pigment starting at the bottom of the pigment origin to the bottom of the separated pigment band. In Exercise 4B: Photosynthesis/ The Light Reaction, chloroplasts are extracted from spinach leaves and incubated with DPIP in the presence of light. The spectrophotometer should be warmed up and set the wavelength to 605 nm. An incubation area should be set up, that includes a light, water flask, and test tube rack. We were provided with two beakers, one containing a solution of boiled chloroplasts and
To get mass of food burnt, I subtracted the initial mass by the final mass. I then repeated these steps for the other two samples making sure to clean and dry the beaker each time. I got the heat energy gained by multiplying the ΔT by the mass of the water and 4.184 J/g°C. Then I calculated the heat energy per unit mass by taking my heat energy gained and dividing it by the mass of food burnt to get Joules/ g. To get the Cal of the sample I took the J/g and divided it by 4.184 and then divided that answer by 1,000 to get my Calorie. Observations: Marshmallow: I noticed that the marshmallow caught fire pretty quick.
The cooked starch acts as the food, which the caterpillar would eat, and the alpha amylase, which is a digestive enzyme common in saliva, is stirred with it to simulate the chewing and mixing of food and saliva which constitutes the first step in the digestive system. Next two pieces of dialyses tubing were prepared by clamping one end of each piece of tubing shut with a clamp, and twisting the other end until it opens. For the purpose of the experiment, the tubing will represent the intestine of the caterpillar.Continuing on, a clean pipette was used to transfer four pipettes worth of the starch and alpha amylase solution into one of the pieces of tubing, while four pipettes of plain starch was added to the other in order to form a control. Next, two large beakers were filled two thirds of the way with distilled water. Four droppers worth of Lugol’s reagent was added two each beaker.
Permeability of Yeast Cell Membrane Introduction The membrane of a living cell plays a vital role in regulating what goes into and out of the cell. Some characteristics of cell membranes were discovered in this experiment. Background 1. Neutral red is a vital stain. It stains cells without quickly killing them.
Safety and the Environment 2. Data Collection and Processing2.1. Data Collection Qualitative data: As the beetroot cylinders were each placed into the different temperature water baths, the colour of the beetroots started to dissolve into the water, i.e. colouring it. The beetroot cylinders in the warmer water baths clearly coloured the water more than the ones in the lower temperature baths, this can be seen in the big difference of absorbance between 8 °C and 85 °C water samples.