Calculations involving the Mole, Avogadro’s Number, Molar Mass, Mole-Mole and Mass-Mole calculations in chemical equations. Combustion analysis and calculation of empirical and molecular formulas from composition analysis. Electrolytes and non-electrolytes. Precipitation reactions and solubility rules. Writing balanced molecular equations and net ionic equations.
The NMR spectrum does contain impurities including methanol (4.80 ppm), methyl oleate (5.40 ppm), CHCL3 (7.20 ppm), acetone (2.00 ppm), and water (1.60 ppm). The methyl oleate may be present due to incomplete reaction with hydrogen and the CHCL3 may be present due to the contamination of CDCL3 NMR solvent. Acetone was used as a cleaning agent on the apparatus before starting the experiment. The experimental NMR spectrum does match that of an authentic spectrum except the experimental spectrum contains a greater number of peaks due to
Halides Structure BP 1-Chlorobutane 77-78°C 1-Bromobutane 100-104°C 2-Chlorobutane 68-70°C 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane 51-52°C Bromobenzene 156°C 1-Chloro-2-butene (trans) 68°C 1-Chloro-2-butene (cis) 63.5°C 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane 68-69°C 2-Bromobutane 91°C 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane 71-73°C Procedure: 1. Label 11 small containers and place 0.1 mL of each of the following halides in the tubes 2. Arrange the labeled tubes into the following groupings a. 1-Chlorobutane b. 1-Bromobutane c. 1-Chlorobutane d. 2-Chloro-2-methylpropane e. Bromobenzene f. 1-Chloro-2-butene mixture of cis and trans isomers g. 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane h. 2-Bromobutane i.
(2 marks) 8 Show 2 possible products that could form when Compound H undergoes a halogenation reaction with iodine. Draw the structural isomers and name them. 2 marks 9a Is this halogenation reaction is an addition or substitution reaction? ½ mark 9b Under what conditions would this reaction occur? ½ mark 10 Outline the reaction pathway to produce propanoic acid from propane.
The chemical reaction used to find this constant is as follows: MgC2O4 (s) ↔Mg(aq)2++ C2O4 (aq)2- Kc= Mg2+[C2O42-][MgC2O4] Ksp=Mg2+[C2O42-] The solid salt magnesium oxalate is prepared through the following precipitation reaction: Mg(SO4)(aq)+NaC2O4 (aq) → MgC2O4 (s)+NaSO4 (aq) Next, the concentration of the Mg2+ and C2O42- ions is found through a redox titration. This redox titration uses a standardized potassium permanganate solution. The potassium permanganate solution is standardized by titrating it with samples of iron(II)ammonium sulfate hexahydrate . The end point is reached when the solution has turned light purple which is a result of excess amounts of MNO4-. This reaction can be summed up using the following formula: 5Fe2++8H++MnO4- →5Fe3++Mn2++4H2O After standardization, the potassium permanganate solution is then titrated with 3 different magnesium oxalate solutions.
The school was founded as Plymouth Normal School in 1871. Since that time it has evolved to a teachers college, a state college, and finally to a state university in 2003. It was founded as a teacher's college, and it still retains a distinguished teaching program/major to this day. Since that time however, it has diversified its academic profile, adding many new majors and fields of study. The school has become known in recent years for its meteorology program (Judd Gregg Meteorology Institute), which is considered one of the best in the eastern United States, and is also strong in business, visual and performing arts, interdisciplinary studies, and psychology.
CH 341 – Laboratory Techniques in Inorganic Chemistry Experiment 1: Identification of Stereochemical (Geometrical) Isomers of [Mo(CO)4(L)2] by Infra-Red Spectroscopy Abstract Purpose of this experiment is to prepareone isomer of molybdenum carbonyl complex, [Mo(CO)4(pip)2], and both possible isomers of [Mo(CO)4(PPH3)2] using convenient literature method. Examining the CO stretching region of the IR spectra, the isomers will be identified. Introduction Metal carbonyl considers as one of the most important class of organometallic compounds and many studies of their chemistry and their bonding characteristics has been done (2). Metal carbonyls were first considered as laboratory interests, but soon achieved huge industrial applications (6). The technique of infrared spectroscopy, in both the solid and solution phases, has proved to be of very useful in these studies.
p-Aminobenzoic Acid Blake Thilmony*, Dillon Hofsommer Department of Chemistry, North Dakota State University, P.O. Box 6050, Fargo, North Dakota 58102 *Blake.M.Thilmony@my.ndsu.edu Received March 28, 2011 ____________________________________________________________ ____________ P-aminobenzoic acid was synthesized with a three-step reaction involving the addition and removal of a protecting group, to result in a higher yield when oxidation occurs. The synthesis was followed by the isolation and analysis of the product using methods of vacuum filtration and NMR spectroscopy. The experiment had some errors during synthesis involving transferring and formation of byproducts and impurities, and resulted in a modest 48.9% yield. ____________________________________________________________ ____________ Introduction1 The purpose of this experiment was to prepare the vitamin p-aminobenzoic acid, or PABA.
Carbon-14 Dating: an Invaluable Yardstick in the Chronology of Humans Archeologists use many methods to analyze data from the past. One scientific tool they use is to analyze the radioactive decay of chemical elements found in plant and animal remains, pottery, and even in rocks. Radiocarbon dating, also known as carbon-14 dating, has been one of the most important radioisotope dating methods used. This scientific tool, which was first developed by Willard F. Libby in the late 1940s, has significantly improved the accuracy of assigning dates to past events and artifacts as far back as 70,000 years. It is helping archaeologists, geologists, and anthropologists reconstruct the world’s history by filling in some of the many blank dates in the chronology of the history of our human world and by substantiating and revising other dates.
Salicylic acid is both an aromatic carboxylic acid and a phenol. Salicylic acid can be formed by the hydrolysis reaction of acetylsalicylic acid with water. Aspirin is an ester which formed between acetic acid and the phenol group of salicylic acid. Aspirin can be prepared from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride using the following reaction (Helmenstine, 2006) : Salicylic acid (C7H6O3) + acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) → acetylsalicylic acid (C9H8O4) + acetic acid (C2H4O2) The active ingredient in aspirin, salicylic acid, is a synthetic derivative of a compound, salicin, which occurs naturally in plants, notably the willow tree. Willow are used for relieving pain and fever.