In the Austrian empire serfdom was increased, Protestantism was ended, and they achieved absolutism. (Chapter Outlines ) During this time Ferdinand III created a standing army, centralized the government in Austria, and turned toward Hungary for land. (Absolutism in Austria and Prussia) The eastward turn led Austria to become absorbed in a war against the Turks over Hungary and Transylvania. (Absolutism in Austria and Prussia) During this time Emperor Leopold I, lead a "Holy League" against the Turks which resulted in the War of the Holy League. The Turks laid siege to Vienna but he successfully repelled the Turks; which was the last attempt by the Ottoman Empire to take control of Eastern Europe.
“Great Pandemic”: The Black Death Tax farming: able to deliver large amounts of grain, cash, and silk. ‘The Mongol Yoke”: Describes the ruthless Mongol rule over the Slavs for about 200 years after the conquest of Chinggis Khan. The Mongols used existing Slavic princes as servants and tax collectors. Good princes were rewarded with heredity. Alexander Nevsky began the process of making the princes more powerful, and it was finished by Ivan III, who overthrew the Mongols and became Russia's first tzar Tsar: Russian title for monarch to refer Russian Ruler, Ivan III (r. 1462-1505) Teutonic Knights: Order of German Knights founded in Jerusalem who shifted their area of operation in 1211 to eastern Europe to convert non-Christians Places The Ukraine: a country in Eastern Europe Empires / Kingdoms Il-khan Empire: a “secondary” or “peripheral” khan based in Persia.
Based on the following documents, discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the Muslim empires. What types of additional documentation would help access the rise and fall of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals? Historical Background Beginning in 1280, the Ottoman Turks rose from a minor frontier state to control most of Southeastern Europe, Southwest Asia and parts of North Africa. For centuries, European Christians refused to ring church bells for fear that local inhabitants would think the Turks had invaded. Starting in the early 1500s CE, in Persia and India, the Safavids and Mughals created powerful states, whose institutions and policies shared many similarities to the Ottoman Empire.
In a piece of Le Morte d’Arther titled “the Crowning of Arthur” a story of the great king Arthur’s early life is told. His parent’s began their courtly love before his birth, and when he became the only person with the ability to pull the sword from the stone. In this story a tale of conquest is shown when Arthur became the only person who was able to pull the sword from the stone which implied that he was destined to be king. “…so Arthur strode up to the sword,and without troubling the inscription,tugged it free” (Sir Thomas Malory page 1069). Another element of this story which displays the time period was love.
What types of additional documentation would help access the rise and fall of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals? Historical Background Beginning in 1280, the Ottoman Turks rose from a minor frontier state to control most of Southeastern Europe, Southwest Asia, and parts of North Africa. For centuries, European Christians refused to ring church bells for fear that local inhabitants would think the Turks had invaded. Starting in the early 1500’s CE, in Persia and India, the Safavids and Mughals created powerful states, whose institutions and policies shared many similarities to the Ottoman Empire. Until their decline in the 1700’s CE, these three Muslim states controlled the richest and most developed lands on three continents, and challenged Europeans for
In 1280 Century England, after several years of political unrest in Scotland, the land is open to an invasion. King Edward has decided to conquer Scotland. After invading Scotland and winning the war, Edward granted areas of land in Scotland to his nobility which they were to rule. One of the privileges granted to English lords ruling Scotland was Primae Noctis, the right for the lord to take a newly married Scottish woman into his bed and spend the wedding night with the bride. Longshanks' plan is to breed out the population of Scotland.
Ivan the “Not So” Terrible Ivan IV, know as Ivan the Terrible, is most known for his brutal ruling and centralizing Russia. He was born in Moscow on August 25, 1530, the oldest son of Vasilij III. Ivan’s father, Vasilij Glinsky, died when he was only three and his mother took the throne. His mother, Yelena Glinskaya was leading the territory that noble family owned, but it soon capsized into intrigue, and violence as rival nobles fought over who would rule Glinsky Family. Yelena died in 1538 and misrule continued.
But this didn't stop the threats from coming. THe Ottoman Turks thought this was their time to try and overcome part of the empire. Through this process they defeated Charles' brother-in-law, overran mmost of Hungary, and even got to Vienna, until they driven back by force in 1529. In Germany, Charles decided to attempt to settle the Lutheran problem through the Diet of Augsburg in 1530. Where he ended up demanding that the Lutherans return to the Catholic Church in 1531.
Vol. 1 ‘The King’s majesty justly and rightfully is and ought to be the Supreme Head of the Church of England.’ With these words the Act of Supremacy of 1534 put a formal end to the medieval Church of England. It set aside the centuries-old concept of ecclesiastical and temporal administration sharing power as twin authorities, and established in England the Erastian church which has been so prominent a feature of the country ever since. In retrospect we can see the acts as an expression of nationalism which in the sixteenth century was growing rapidly in many parts of Europe. We can compare it with the eager way in which some contemporary German princes were adopting Lutheranism in order to govern the church within their boundaries, or with the later insistence of such outstanding Catholic kings as Philip II and Louis XIV that they should have effective control of the appointment of Spanish and French Bishops.
A few years later, a crisis arose in the Balkans, as a result of which, the Dreikaiserbund was terminated. In 1877, the Russo-Turkish war broke out with Russia defeating the Turks in 1878. After fierce resistance, the Turks surrendered and signed the Treaty of San Stefano. By signing this treaty, Russia acquired greater influence in the Balkans. Nevertheless, Austria-Hungary did not accept this settlement but on the other hand Bismarck was eager to prevent a