Statistic shows that those babies born to heavy smoker average weight half a pound less than baby of non-smokers. Also evidence suggest that smoking may increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome and other problems like lower IQ, hearing deficits, asthma, respiratory infection, and cancer. Most of pregnant women carrion smoking after giving birth so they expose their children to teratogens before and after they are born. ( Siegler et
Lifestyle choices often can be a cause of ageing as damages to body systems such as high cholesterol diets causing Coronary Heart Disease or being out in the sun a lot causing the wrinkling of skin. Hormonal control Women usually experience a major decrease in the hormone oestrogen following the stage of menopause where a women stops having her periods, meaning she is not able to have any more children. This decrease in oestrogen is associated with osteoporosis. Women are more at risk of having osteoporosis than men because bone strength is influenced by the reduction of osteoporosis. Some people may be more at risk of osteoporosis than others because osteoporosis may be influenced by genetic inheritance.
Vulnerable Population Teen pregnancy general refers to a pregnant female under the age of twenty. Teen pregnancy is associated with poor prenatal care and pre-term delivery (Brown, 2010). Pregnant teens are more likely to receive late or no prenatal care, have gestational hypertension and anemia, and achieve poor maternal weight gain (Webster, 2004). Teenage mothers are also more likely to have a pre-term delivery increasing the risk of child developmental delay, illness, and mortality. Teen mothers are more likely to drop out of school, remain unmarried, and live in poverty, their children are more likely to be born at low birth weight, grow up poor, live in single-parent households, experience abuse and neglect, and enter the child welfare system.
A person with a low education level or someone who began having sexual intercourse at an early age is more likely to contract HPV. Now there is actually a vaccine available for HPV-16. “In a population of over 2,300 healthy young women observed over a median of 17.4
As well, there is strong evidence that abortion increases the risk of breast cancer. Women that abort increase their chances of getting breast cancer by 50%, and teenagers with no previous pregnancies that abort after the 8th week increase their probability by 800%. UNICEF states that 2500,000 women die every year because of legal and illegal abortions 75,000 of them die of self-inflicted abortions; 75,000 die of convulsions; and the other 100,000 die of blood poisoning caused by an infection of the uterus. Therefore, if abortion is legalized there will be not only more fetal murders but also more mothers will die. None of the methods doctors use for abortions is safe.
Working with babies from birth to 12 months The main factors that affect the health and development of babies in there first year are smoking, alcohol, drugs, quality of care and love, stimulation, nutrition, infections, medical conditions and genetic factors. Smoking restricts the amount of oxygen they receive in the worm and it affects their growth and development. When woman smoke during pregnancy their unborn baby is at risk of a low birth weight. Prematurity is a risk as the baby would find it difficult to develop and the woman would give birth before 38 weeks. Other related effects that include a higher incidence of cot death and asthma.
Target Populations Children younger than 5 years old and young adults 15 to 29 years old are the populations in whom C. jejuni gastroenteritis most commonly is detected. The highest incidence of infection is among infants 6 to 12 months old. C. jejuni bacteremia may also affect pregnant women, leading to infection of the fetus, which can lead to miscarriage or stillbirth. The incidence of infection is estimated to be 40-fold greater in people with HIV/AIDS, compared with others in the same
Also men are more likely to go out at the weekend with other men to drink and smoke which can cause a lot of complication in the future such as liver failure and heart failure which is very dangerous to a person heath and they can become very ill. About 10 million people which is about a 6th of the population smoke in the world, 22% of this is men and 19% of that are women, http://www.ash.org.uk/files/documents/ASH_93.pdf so this shows that more men smoke then women making it easier for them to develop problems in the future and possible die from this addiction. statistics show that over 100,000 people die from smoking related causes. http://www.ash.org.uk/files/documents/ASH_93.pdf. also men are more likely to be influenced by other men to smoke or drink even if they don't want to do this, whereas women are more likely to say no if they were told to. http://www.news-medical.net/news/20110609/National-survey-finds-women-more-likely-to-see-doctor-on-regular-basis-than-men.aspx
Living in a house where the parents smoke or being put face down in the bed raises the risk for SIDS. Ninety five percent SIDS deaths takes place between 2 and 5 months. When babies that have weak reflexes are placed in a stressful situation, their breathing can be overwhelmed. SIDS more often occurs in winter months, with the peak in January. There is also a greater rate of SIDS among Native and African Americans.
In this essay I will examine how smoking, alcohol and the mother’s diet influence prenatal development. Cigarette smoking is proven to have a negative effect on the smoker so how could it be any different for a fetus exposed to nicotine. Researchers have found that smoking and drinking are associated with disturbances in the placental functioning and with changes in maternal physiology that lead to oxygen deprivation and may produce structural and functional changes in the brain of a fetus ( Mavis Hetherington & Ross Parke). Mothers that smoke have a higher increase of infants being born with growth deficiencies rather than non-smokers. Also common with maternal smoking is Sudden Infant Death Syndrom (SIDS).