* If anyone brings an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, if a capital offense is charged, be put to death. * If a builder builds a house for someone, and does not construct it properly, and the house which he built
Assess the view that families in our society can no longer be described as patriarchal? For the most part of human civilisation families were always considered as being male dominated or patriarchal. However, from the mid 1950’s families have slowly become more women orientated. Some sociologists argue that now women have more power in the home and as they have become more equal to men in society they also have a lot more power in the marriage and the way the household operates. Sociologists say that modern day families are no longer dominated as they were last century and before.
But if the river proves that the accused is not guilty, and he escapes unhurt, then he who had brought the accusation shall be put to death, while he who leaped into the river shall take possession of the house that had belonged to his accuser. 2. If anyone brings an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, if it be a capital offense charged, be put to death. 3. If a judge tries a case, reaches a decision, and presents his judgment in writing; if later error shall appear in his decision, and it be through his own fault, then he shall pay twelve times the fine set by him in the case, and he shall be publicly removed from the judge's bench, and never again shall he sit there to render judgment.
Secondly, most women during this time married young, for example – the average age of a bride was 18, as revealed by The Tuscan Castato of 1427. But on the other hand around half of adult men in Florence were single which showed they were married much later in their lives. Women, regardless of class, were expected to marry, be good wives to their husbands, give birth to loads of children, raise them and take care of the homei. Lastly, even if you were a prominent businessman during the Renaissance having numerous daughters often gave rise to commiseration and financial despair. For example – as marriages were a crucial part of family honour, prestige and not to mention political alliances and economical partnership it was essential that a father find a suitable groom and the only way that was access to vast finance for a dowry as it was seen the larger the dowry, the better status of marriage.
Law 196 “If a man has put out the eye of another man, his eye shall be put out.” The second was the extreme harshness of the penalties, which included drowning, burning, and cutting off of body parts. Some of the laws had to do with slaves. Slaves were so valuable that stealing a slave or harboring a runaway was punishable by death. Law fifteen states that “If anyone take a male or female slave of the court, or a male or female slave of a freed man, outside the city gates, he shall be put to death.” In laws 16 and 17 “If anyone receive into his house a runaway male or female slave of the court, or of a freedman, and does not bring it out at the public proclamation of the major domus, the master of the house shall be put to death, If anyone find runaway male or female slaves in the open country and bring them to their masters, the master of the slaves shall pay him to shekels of silver.” Owners were compensated if a slave was injured or died. Law 199 states that “If he put out the eye of a man’s slave, or break the bone of a man’s slave, he shall pay one-half of its value.” Even doctors were responsible for the injury or death of a slave.
Hammurabi’s Code of Law • “If anyone ensnare another, putting a ban upon him, but if he cannot prove it, then he that ensnared him shall be put to death” • “If anyone steals the property of a temple or of the court, he shall be put to death, and also the one who receives the stolen thing from him shall be put to death.” • “ If a judge tries a case, reaches a decision, and presents his judgment in writing; if later error shall appear in his decision, and it be through his own fault, then he shall pay twelve times the fine set by him in the case, and he shall be publicly removed from the judge's bench, and never again shall he sit there to render judgment” The first Hammurabi’s code I chose was “If anyone ensnare another, Putting a ban upon him, but if he cannot prove it, then he that ensnared him shall be put to death”. The first code in my own interpretation means that if someone accuses another person but cannot prove the person committed a crime then the accuser will be put to death. I feel this law is not good. Just because a person cannot prove guilt is not a good enough reason to sentence someone to death. If someone can’t prove guilt it does not necessarily mean a person didn’t commit a crime.
The governor of an area and city officials were expected to catch burglars. If they didn’t catch the burglar, public officials in which the crime took place had to replace the lost property. If a murderer got away, the officials had to pay a fine to the relatives of the murdered person. Soldiers were also expected to fill their duties. If a soldier hired someone else to fight for him, he was put to death, and a substitute was given control of his estate.
Even though this was to help women get out of a bad marriage, Women would not have anywhere to go when divorced except to rely on another man, as most were not independent. By 1934 there were 37 divorces for every 100 marriages, while there were 154,000 abortions for every 57,000 live births in Moscow. This meant families and marriages were unstable. Under Stalin’s rule in 1936, the face of growing statistics in unstable families led the government to introduce new measures to strengthen family life. Divorce was made more difficult, abortion became a criminal offence except when it was necessary on medical grounds, and wedding rings were restored.
Feminists criticise Willmott and Young who suggested that we are currently in ‘The symmetrical family stage’ where chores are shared equally between the women and men. Feminists argue we are not in this stage as women still do the majority of housework. This is backed up by Anne Oakley’s finding that only 15% of men have a high level of participation in housework. Radical feminists argue that the patriarchal system needs to be overturned and to do this, women must learn to live independently. Delphy and Leonard (1992) argued that the inequalities between partners in the home are a result of the fact that the head of the household is almost always male.
3) Here are the differences this paper will cover; it will cover finances, feminine vs. masculine traits, and economics. Being a single mother is different from being a single father because masculinity often outweighs femininity and economics today. In the society today there is still sexism that occurs in the workplace, and often men will still obtain a higher job then women, therefore having much higher pay than women. According to Baer (2011) “The median average income for all single-mother families was just $25,172 — down by more than $2,000 since 2000. The median average income for married couples with children was three times greater and, for the relatively few single-father families, nearly one and a half times greater.