Although archaeologist are still studying the Xia and Shang dynasties, recent decades have turned up evidence that the Xia dynasty may have been the origin of a political organization in China about 2200 B.C.E. From recent excavations archeologist can assume that the city of Erlitou was most likely the capital of the Xia dynasty. The sage-king Yu was the founder of the Xia dynasty. His power spanned through the Yellow River valley due to the fact that he controlled the leaders of the individual villages. The Xia dynasty yielded to the Shang way that started in the south and east of where the Xia dynasty was.
He took the throne after his father, King Sneferu. Historians are still unsure how long Khufu ruled, but it is believed that he ruled for at least twenty-six to thirty-four years. During his reign, he built one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This was the Great Pyramid of Giza. It took ten to twenty years to build.
Qin Shi Huang’s greatest achievement was unifying China. He ended the opposition among the independent kingdoms during the Warring States Period, unifying China, however to achieve unification he had to centralize power and standardize administration, law, language, and weights and measures which improved the economy. Supported by intelligent and inventive advisors, Yingzheng carried out a series of improvements to develop agriculture and the military, and he rose rapidly in that period. During his reign he accomplished settling internal rebellions, and, managed to unify the other six states. He led the Chinese State of Qin to conquer Han, Zhao, Yan, Wei, Chu and Qi.
Hongwu had initially planned his successor to be Prince Biao, his eldest son. Later on his son, Yiwen portrayed impressive personal and military qualities that made him his father’s choice. In 1392 Yiwen died, Hongwu appointed Yiwen's son as his heir (Tsai). Taizong and Hongwu portrayed several differences as emperors. While emperor Taizong inherited his thrown direct from his father, Hongwu had to start from scratch.
Each dynasty had an Emperor who ruled the country, this was decided through “The Mandate of Heaven” which again integrated the teachings of Confucianism. Confucius was a chinese philosopher, born in 551 BC, whose quotes and ideas were all collected after his death and became the basis of a philosophical doctrine, known today as Confucianism. Confucianism is to do with human beings on what they achieve and their interest. The theory of confucianism believes that man cannot live alone, but with other human beings, the ultimate goal in their life is to be happy, to achieve this they must reach complete peace. The “Mandate of Heaven” is an ancient Chinese philosophical concept, this originated in the Zhou Dynasty, from 1046 - 256 BCE.
DID SHI HUANGDI DO WHAT WAS NECESSARY TO MAKE CHINA STRONG? INTRODUCTORY POWERPOINT References Oxford Big Ideas (Text book): pages 282 – 283 Pearson History S.B. : pages 260-263 PowerPoint slides on Shi Huangdi 1. Using the references above and any other reference, fill in the table below, presenting the positive and negative aspects of his rule POSITIVE ASPECTS OF HIS RULE | NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF HIS RULE | * He introduced a number of reforms to increase his imperial authority and govern the empire more easily. * He chose to appoint independent governors to help avoid the collapse the empire * Shi Huangdi abolished the practice of the primogeniture in which the eldest son had to inherit all of their land.
They stayed independent, but in order to do that they had to pay tribute or extra tax money. Rebellions, drought, and economic challenges lead to the Tang downfall. But in 960 a general named Zhao Kuangjin reunited China under The Song Dynasty, which was conquered by the Mongols in 1279. Confucianism beliefs controlled society. Tang rulers believed in a civil service system.
The first dynasty to rule over a unified China. They were heavily influenced by legalist teachings that promoted soldiers and officials strictly on the basis of accomplishment, but not by birth. First Emperor: He was the founder of the Qin Dynasty and was also the first ruler to unify ancient China. He eliminates regional differences by creating a single body of law and standardizing weights and measures. Han Dynasty: The immediate successor to the Qin Dynasty.
He became the first emperor of a unified China in 221 BC. He ruled until his death in 210 BC at the age of 49.Calling myself the First Emperor (Qin Shi Huangdi) after China's unification, I was known as a pivotal figure in Chinese history, ushering in nearly two millennia of imperial rule. After unifying China, my chief advisor Li Si and I passed a series of major economic and political reforms. Here are some of my greatest achievements. I had set up an efficient system that loyalty was not an option.
The Han Dynasty was the third imperial dynasty of China. It lasted from 202 BCE to 220CE, when Liu Bang, prince of Han, defeated the Qin army in the valley of Wei. The Han dynasty basically rounded out China’s political and intellectual structure. Early Han rulers expanded Chinese territory into Korea, Indochina, and central Asia. The Qin dynasty was the second ruling empire in imperial China lasting from 221 to 202 BCE.