Elements of Short Stories

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Short stories often engage the use of a surprise ending. This is what makes a short story unique from other forms of literature. The surprise ending in short stories can be lighthearted, humorous, tragic, ironic, or misconception based on suppressed information. The twist at the end gives the story character. The ending adds to the plot because it is usually an unexpected event that changes the flow of the plot. For example, The Lottery by Shirley Jackson has a tragic, horrible ending. This is what makes the story so dramatic. The ending is also the portion of the short story that teaches a lesson or shows the moral of the whole story. An example of a short story where the lesson is taught with the help of the surprise ending is Gift of the Magi by O. Henry. The couple in Gift of the Magi makes sacrifices for each other in order to buy Christmas gifts. At the end, we learn that their gifts backfire and the couple learns a life lesson that love is priceless. O. Henry uses irony in this story to bring out the humorous, yet cheerful twist at the end. The three different forms of irony are verbal, situational, and dramatic. In Gift of the Magi, O. Henry uses situational irony. This is when the opposite of what is expected occurs in the story or when one of the characters gets what he/she did not deserve. In short stories, the ending gives the plot buildup a purpose. Throughout the story, the main character and setting is usually described in great detail. Then, the main character is usually involved in some event that has a surprise ending. Also, the reader could be led to think one thing, but the ending turn out totally different. The events that occur in a short story all come together in the twist at the end. However, in novels the plot structure is very different than that of a short story. In a novel, there are events that lead up to the “twist” or “climax”
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