Jan Zizka was a Czech General, the leader of the Hussites and a follower of Jan Hus. He was nicknamed the One Eyed Zizka. He fought on the winning side of the Battle of Grunwald in 1410 which is regarded as the most important victory in polish history. He played an important role in the civil wars of Bohemia during the late 1300s. Zizka is one of the greatest military leaders of all time and is one of 6 commanders to never lose a battle.
Weatherford’s portrayal of Genghis Khan is “a progressive leader whose primary mission was to bring peace, not war, throughout his empire”. Though Weatherford’s perspective on Genghis Khan may be a little over the top with romanticism, he is not too far off what I have come to believe about him. The many accomplishments of Genghis Khan heavily outnumber all else that he did. Like Emperor Qin Shi Huang of the Qin Dynasty, Genghis Khan probably had more of an intention of uniting rather than destroying. If he had an intention of just causing havoc and war, then he would not have ended up encouraging trade and enlightening himself and those around him of foreign cultures.
The Dissolution of the Monasteries was an administrative and legal process between 1536 and 1541. This process entailed King Henry VIII to disbanded monasteries and nunneries throughout England and Wales. Through this he seized their income and disposed of their assets. Henry VIII was given the authority to do this in England and Wales by the Act of Supremacy, a piece of legislature passed by Parliament in 1534. This piece of legislation would later give him the power to over through Catholicism and would which later make him ‘Supreme Head’ of the Church in England.
The war of Spanish succession was fought amongst the greatest European powers of the early 18th century over the hegemony of Spanish and French crowns. The primary forces who fought for the unification were Spain (those who were loyal to Philip V) and France known as the Two Crowns. Those opposed were Britain, the Dutch Republic, Savoy, The Holy Roman Empire and Portugal known as the grand alliance. The war of Spanish Succession resulted in the treaties of Utrecht and Rastatt. These treaties provided important gains for Britain, Austria and the house of bourbon that set the foundation for future development in Europe and abroad.
This can be further broken down into two components. The first problem of church politics was the legitimacy of the Popes. This would lead to the second problem which was the refusal of the Avignon and Roman Popes to compromise with each other as they thought of themselves as being the legitimate Pope. The problem of legitimacy must now be examined. In 1378, the College of Cardinals, under pressure from an unruly Roman mob outside the Conclave elected Urban VI as Pope.1 However, after Urban’s harsh treatment of the Cardinals alienated them, they proceeded to 1 D. Hay, Europe In The Fourteenth And Fifteenth Centuries, London, 1989, p. 301. declare Urban’s election invalid and elect Clement VII as Pope.2 This created a situation without precedent as there was no clear
The Pope ordered Bernard of Clairvaux (in France) to preach a second crusade to take it back and defeat Zangi. From beginning to end, though, this crusade was not successful. Most of Conrad's soldiers were killed as they marched through Turkey. Third Crusade 1187–1192:The Third Crusade was caused by the capture of Jerusalem in 1187 by Saladin, the sultan of Egypt. Saladin was the enemy of the English crusades.
Introduction For Augustine, the Roman church was the seat of Peter to whom the Lord after his resurrection entrusted the feeding of his sheep and the church in which the primacy of apostolic chair developed and remained successful. The fall of the Western Roman Empire and its invasion by the barbarians created a number of independent kingdoms each of which was of great significance for the latter history of the church in its territory. It also gave new functions and power to two institutions that had began to develop earlier the monastic and the papacy. More invasions posed new challenges to the church and were very disastrous. This condition raised diverse reasons for papal power from different popes who contributed differently to its growth.
This benefited Germany because it was a step towards the unification of Germany, whilst still enabling Bismarck to have the individual power that he wanted. However this didn’t benefit the Liberals at al because Bismarck passed the laws that he wanted, and didn’t view them as allies. One of the main factor’s behind the reason why Bismarck was unsuccessful in my opinion is Kulturkampf (K), which was a divided attack on the Catholic Church due to Bismarck’s belief that the Centre Party represented a threat to the Reich. The campaign deliberately set the Catholics against the Protestants, and alienated them from the Reich. Bismarck’s main reasoning for following Kulturkampf was to keep hold of his influence, which he felt was threatened by the Centre Party, and he felt that K would prevent any uprising.
He was certainly the most extraordinary man I ever saw, and in my opinion the most extraordinary men that has lived for many centuries.”’ 2. J.C. Herold, The Mind of Napoleon, 1961 "Hitler appealed to hatred; Napoleon, to honour.....Napoleon, in his historic action left positive achievements behind him. Unlike Hitler, he left Europe not in ruins but brought it up-to-date. Even where his genius failed his purpose, its nature was such that it cooperated willy-nilly with the constructive forces of history; the unification of Germany and of Italy, the spread of democratic liberalism might not have been in accord with his intentions, but they most certainly owned much to his action. And as a myth and a symbol he pushed back the limits of human capabilities.
Not only did they oppose his rule of parliament, constitutional rule, but they were opposed to the policy of protectionism that Bismarck proposed, being in favour of free-trade. Bismarck had his reasons; to gain the support of industrialists, landowners, Conservatives and Centre Parties, creating income for the people, and it wasn't an unusual