Discussion of the Occurrences of the Words “Angels” and “Men” in Genesis 19 - David Ben-Michael

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Discussion of the occurrences of the words “angels” and “men” in Genesis 19 David Ben-Michael Genesis 19 describes the visiting of angels in Lot`s home. The purpose of the angels is to inform Lot of the destruction that will come about Sodom and Gomorra, in order to save him and his family (Gen 19:12-13). The angels are mentioned in this chapter using different names. In verses 5,8,10-12,16 they are mentioned using the word “men” [1] ("a-našim") , and in verses 1, 15 they are mentioned using the word: angels ("ma-laḫim"). The difference in the names of the angles raises two questions. First, why are the angels mentioned using different names? Second, what is the reason for embedding the word "men" in verses 5,8,10-12,16 and the word "angels" in verses 1, 15? In order to answer these questions we need to understand accurately the meaning of the word "ma-laḫ". BDB and HALOT suggest two main interpretations for this word in the Bible: a) a messenger (human); b) a messenger of God (an angel).[2] In our chapter it is clear that the "ma-laḫim" are messengers of God (see v. 13); the difficulty is why in some verses they are mentioned using the name "men". It is possible that before the angels have exposed their identity, they are mentioned using the word "men" because they appear like men to the citizens of the city, and only after they have exposed their identity they are called by the name "angels". In fact, we can see that even after the angels already exposed themselves, they are still mentioned by the name "men" (v. 12-13). I think that in this case the word "ma-laḫ" "has a somewhat different meaning, not only messengers but fast messengers (cf. Is 18:2). The narrator chose the word "ma-laḫ" when he wants to stress the quickness of their mission: "As morning dawned, the angels urged Lot…" (v. 15). Another occurrence of the word "angles" it is in verse 1.

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