[3] It is responsible for production of auto-antibodies like Rheumatic Factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). It has broad extra-articular effects too in form of cardiovascular, pulmonary, psychological and skeletal disorders. The word “rheuma” was defined by Greek physician to mean “flowing” which fits well their humoral theory of disease. [4] NEED FOR STUDY RA is a common chronic disease that affects about 1% of the world population. [5] In the version 2 estimates for the Global Burden of Disease 2000 study; published in the World Health Report, 2002.
Promotion of Women’s Health in Type 2 Diabetes Gabriel Dulick, R.N. Chatham College Introduction Diabetes Mellitus is a disorder of the endocrine system in which there is a regulation of insulin resulting in increased blood glucose levels. There are several types of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is autoimmune in origin. The pancreas makes insulin producing beta cells which are then destroyed by the immune system, (Wikipedia, 2012) resulting in a persistent state of hyperglycemia.
bioloQuiz 9 Chapter 10 Question 1 Wastes are part of blood True False 2 points Question 2 A hematocrit is the % of ________________ 1. leukocytes 2. eythrocytes 3. platelets 4. clotting factors 2 points Question 3 Normal hemotocrit is ___% erythrocytes of total volume 1. 50 2. 40 3. 30 4. 45 2 points Question 4 The protein in blood that regulates osmotic pressure and pH is albumin True False 2 points Question 5 All of the following are PLASMA blood proteins EXCEPT 1. albumin 2. hemoglobin 3. fibrinogen 4. globulin 2 points Question 6 Which element in hemoglobin binds oxygen 1. calcium 2. zinc 3. iron 4. iodine 2 points Question 7 How many red blood cells in blood and how many white blood cells?
Journal Article Critique January 15, 2012 HCA/220 The article I chose is “Severe and refractory myositis in mixed connective tissue disease: a description of a rare case”. (MCTD) known as mixed connective tissue disease is a generalized connective tissue disorder represented by the existence of high titer (RNP) anti-U1 rib nucleoprotein antibodies combined with clinical 6eatures usually seen in lupus erythematous, polymyositis, and scleroderma. Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) usually takes several years before a confirm diagnosis is seen. Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) has overlapping features of Scl, SLE, and PM which appears over a period of time. The early stages of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) are
Scientist and doctors believe that there are more than one thousand ways the cf gene can mutate and the various mutations could cause the different symptoms. The cf gene that has the scientific name ABCC7 makes a protein called CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator). The CFTR protein is found in cells called epithelial cells which form a lining inside many organs. Sometimes cystic fibrosis is diagnosed before a baby is born, but many infants are diagnosed shortly after birth. Most infants with cystic fibrosis are born with Meconium Ileus.
Obstruction most commonly occurs with stones in the ureters, bladder, or urethra; however, trauma, edema associated with infection, and prostate enlargement also cause postrenal failure.1 Statistics In the United States, the annual incidence of acute renal failure is 100 cases for every million people. It’s diagnosed in 1% of hospital admissions. Pathophysiology There is a generally unexpected decrease in kidney function, which may or may not be associated with a
Essay on Muscular Dystrophy Diseases Muscular dystrophy refers to, not one, but a group of muscle diseases. These diseases have three features in common: they are hereditary; they are progressive; and each causes a characteristic and selective pattern of weakness. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most prevalent and severe childhood form of this group of diseases. Each form of muscular dystrophy is caused by a defect in a specific gene. In 1986, scientists discovered exactly which piece of genetic material is missing in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients.
Endothelial abnormalities are often the result of insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, which are associated with diabetes mellitus (Chang, Daly and Elliot, 2006). Abnormalities in the endothelial tissue of the cardiovascular system can cause a build up of atherosclerosis, forming plaque and narrowing the lumen of the blood vessels (Johnson, 2008). Risk factors for atherosclerosis include type 2 diabetes mellitus (Johnson, 2008). If atherosclerosis is left untreated it can lead to a person experiencing a myocardial infarction (Johnson, 2008). Macrovascular disease is the primary cause of death in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Gardner and Shoback, 2007).
Coronary Artery Disease Coronary Artery Disease is also known by other names such as, Atherosclerosis, hardening of the ateries, heart disease, Ischemic heart disease and narrowing of the arteries. Coronary Artery Disease is where one or more of the arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle become blocked. It is a disease in which a waxy substance called plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries. These arteries supply oxygen rich blood to the heart muscle. Atherosclerosis is a multi focal, smoldering immunoinflammatory disease of medium sized and large arteries filled by lipids.
The chromosomal loci identified in psoriasis are the PSOR I-VIII. PSOR I (HLA-CW6 allele) is the major susceptibility gene for psoriasis. Drugs, skin trauma, stress, and infection are important triggers of the disease (Menter, 2008). T-cells produce interferon gamma and interleukins (6, 12, 15, 17, 22 and 23) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) after they are activated (McCance, 2010). Inflammation of the lesions set up keratinocytes that originate in the basal layer to hyperproliferate and continue the disease activity (Menter, 2008).