Chapter 20 Study Guide Vocabulary: 1. Factories - Portuguese trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce 2. El Mina - most important of early Portuguese trading factories in the forest zone of Africa. 3. Royal African Company - chartered in 1660s to establish a monopoly over the slave trade among British merchants; supplied African slaves to colonies Barbados, Jamaica, and Virginia 4. triangular trade - commerce linking Africa, the new world colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar, and tobacco transported to Europe 5.
Andy Lai 1/24/12 HIS 146 ESSAY 1 The history of Cuba was first documented with the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 which was then colonized by the Spaniards during the 16th century. Since its colonization, Spanish Cuba’s economy had remained stagnant for centuries. The island’s economy comprised of pastoral pursuits and agriculture; the island of Cuba primarily served as a stopping point for the Spanish fleet in transit between Spain and the New World. A series of events that transpired during the 19th century had awakened Cuba’s economy dramatically. What was once just a mere stopping point for the Spanish fleet had now become the major sugar producer in the world during this time.
Tobacco was the main source of the colony’s economical growth and was in great need of being produced. Indentured servants were the primary source of forced labor before the introduction of Africans they were put under contract for 5 years or more as demonstrated in Document C for in return a piece of land and some corn was offered, but the wages of there service was rising causing colonist to look away and the event of Bacon’s Rebellion made colonist look into Africa for slaves to produce force labor. This was then the beginning of the African slave trade and the Middle Passage, as demonstrated in Document D the slaves were packed in the deck of the ship all side to side for a 4-6 week trip across the Atlantic. When arrived in Jamestown they cleaned and thoroughly checked then auctioned in return for tobacco and other goods. Despite these improvements, the colony was not a financial success.
The Middle Passage The middle passage was when African Americans were forced to go from the West Coast of Africa to the Caribbean’s where they were marketed, and sold for profit to the plantations owners. This journey was listed as the “Middle Passage” because it was considered the middle leg of the trading triangles, and this was constructed in the early stages of the colonial period. The Middle Passage started from even before 1619 an it was the arrival of the very first African slaves in British Northern America. However, as it developed it was initially amongst Portuguese and the West African mariners in the latter part of the fifteenth century. The Africans were taken or for better word use they were kidnapped by the Europeans and, by other Africans mostly for trading spoils of
How did recently freed English indentured servants affect the development of slavery? The Englishmen, who came to Virginia as indentured servants, once freed, spread up Virginia’s rivers and coasts, creating their own households and plantations, similar to the ones they had once worked on. In only a few years, they too would have slaves working on tobacco farms, earning them 10 to 12 pounds a year. Without these servants being freed, slavery would not have spread past Virginia and into the rest of the colonies; thus, prolonging the existence of an economy reliant on
After a brief period of experimenting with indentured European labor, the British turned to large scale importation of Africans to be used as slaves on the sugar plantations. The plantation dominated economic life in every sense. It occupied the best lands, the laws supported the slave system, and in general all commercial and other economic activity depended on the rhythm of activity of the plantation. Upon Emancipation, many of the ex-slaves settled down as small farmers in the mountains, cultivating steep hill slopes far away from the plantations. With many Africans settling into the beautiful landscape of Jamaica, new musical dawns were on the horizon.
St. Domingue Slave Revolt, which began in 1791, was successful in achieving permanent independence under a new nation. These revolutions were influenced by the French revolution of 1789, which would come to represent a new concept of human rights, universal citizenship, and participation in government. In the 18th century, Saint Dominigue, as Haiti was then known, became France's wealthiest overseas colony, largely because of its production of sugar, coffee, indigo, and cotton generated by an enslaved labour force. There were five different groups in the French Colony. There were white planters -- who owned the plantations and the slaves -- and petit blancs, who were artisans, shop keepers and teachers, those who were free, those who were slaves, and those who had run away.
Cuba is a nation that is misperceived and confused in terms of its economic and social classifications. Throughout the past Cuba has experienced many economic turmoil and triumphs. There are various opinions as to the current economic standing of Cuba however there is only one reality of how the people of Cuba continue to live in a socialist dictatorship. The World Bank (2003) states that poverty is an exacerbation of deprivation resulting from the interaction of economic, social and political processes (p. 15). These deprivations prevent Cubans from living the kind of life that everyone values causing vulnerability to illness, and economic disparities.
These codes gave slave-owners absolute power over the African slaves. The Stono Rebellion (sometimes called Cato's Conspiracy or Cato's Rebellion) was a slave rebellion that commenced on 9 September 1739, in the colony of South Carolina. It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies prior to the American Revolution. [1] Stono-One of the earliest known organized rebellions in the present United States, the uprising was led by native Africans who were Catholic and likely from the Kingdom of Kongo, which had been Catholic since 1491 Mercantilism is the economic doctrine that government control of foreign trade is of paramount importance for ensuring the prosperity and military security of the state. In particular, it demands a positive balance of trade.
However, it is evident that Fidel would not have been as successful in conducting the revolution if it wasn’t for the underlying long term social and economic problems which essentially paved the way for revolution. Relations between the U.S and Cuba was one of the underlying economic problems affecting Cuba. Following the Spanish-American War of 1895, the United States emerged as both Cuba’s protector and primary trade partner. By the mid 1950’s American business interests controlled about 40 percent of Cuba’s sugar production and over 90 percent of Cuba’s utilities, such as electricity and communications. Ties between Cuba and America brought obvious prosperity to a limited segment of Cuba’s population though they did so at the expense of Cuba’s national potential and economic independence.