Cryogenic Grinding Essay

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1. INTRODUCTION 1. Introduction to Cryogenics:- The term cryogenics originates from Greek word which means creation or reduction by means of cold. As prices for energy and raw materials rise and concern for the environment makes safe waste disposal difficult and costly, resources recovery becomes a vital matter for today’s business. Cryogenic grinding technology can efficiently grind most tough materials and can also facilitate cryogenic recycling of tough composite materials and multi component scrap. The heart of this technology is the cryo grind system. It employs a cryogenic process to embrittle and grind materials to achieve consistent particle size for a wide range of products. The cryogenic process also has unique capability for recycling difficult to separate composite materials. Solid materials are ground and pulverized by way of hammer mills, attrition mills, granulators or other equipment. A smaller particle size is usually needed to enhance the further processing of the solid, as in mixing with other materials. A finer particle also helps in melting of rubber and plastics for molding. However many materials are either very soft or very tough at room temperature. By cooling to cryogenic temperatures with liquid nitrogen,, these may be embrittled and easily fractured into small particles. Grinding is pretty inefficient process up to 99% of the mechanical energy entering the mill ends up as heat. Wit industrial mills typically in the size range 20-100 KW, cooling is significant issue and for materials that deform or melt when they are warned, temperature rise can also be a problem. Water or other liquids provide effective heat transfer, but not all materials are suitable for wet grinding. Indirect water cooling of the mills is of limited effectiveness because of the lack of heat transfer area. Most dry mills therefore rely on a

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