The controversy with sleep paralysis is that many people suggest that it is a medical condition, but others believe is supernatural because they feel a demon choking the victim or sitting on the victim’s chest (Archetypal Mind). Another example, lucid dreaming is a realization that one is dreaming during dream and the individual is able to manipulate the dream to produce better outcomes. It also has controversial because it is described as a natural phenomenon or as tampering with the occult (OBE’s and LD’s). The three experiences have something in common in which individuals are asleep when they experience out of body. The only exception is that out of body experiences is the only way where one is able to view their dormant body and the world around them.
The explanation suggests that the primary caregiver is responsible for helping the infant overcome its anxieties and if the care is inadequate then a child will not develop a proper sense of self. Therefore during adolescence when threats to the self occur the symptoms of schizophrenia begin to develop. However, the psychodynamic explanation to schizophrenia has many problems, for example: Freud claimed that schizophrenia is caused by over-whelming anxiety and is a defence mechanism involving regression into an early stage of development. Freud suggested that one of the positive symptoms of the disorder, hallucinations are the ego’s attempt to restore contact with reality. However there isn’t any research evidence to support Freud’s theory and psychoanalysis is not an effective treatment for schizophrenia suggesting that the psychodynamic theory does not explain the causes of schizophrenia.
Psychodynamic Approach Sigmund Freud is the founder of the psychodynamic approach. This approach focuses on the unconscious mind to explain behaviour, and also to treat people suffering from mental illness. This approach also looks into our behaviour and feelings as adults, as our childhood experiences and Interpol relationships can explain this. Freud believes that what drives our behaviour is conflict that arises between three parts of our psych, the id, superego and the ego. The three personalities of the psych are usually out of sync with each other.
When interpreting dreams, he found out that internal stimuli are unsatisfied wishes, which are in most cases conflicting in nature. He would take typical dreams, such as dreams of nakedness that causes the dreamer to have feelings of shame and embarrassment, and analyzes this shame as a “paradise [where] men are naked and unashamed, until the moment arrives when shame and fear awaken; expulsion follows, and sexual life and cultural development begin.’ On the other hand, Jung did not only search for the cause of dream, he interpreted dreams from the standpoint of finality. He claimed that dream, as any other psychological phenomenon, has its purpose. “Many people who know something, but not enough, about dreams and their meaning, and who are impressed by their delicate and apparently intentional compensation, are liable to succumb to the prejudice that the dream actually has a moral purpose, that it
So perhaps knowing why we have certain dreams will allow us to better understand why we have the dreams that we have. III. Despite Freud’s saying that dreams are the royal road to the unconscious, the use of dream analysis by therapists working with Borderline Personality Disorders and other severe psychiatric conditions has in the past two decades fallen into a state of decline, if not outright neglect. We must explore why this has happened because people are still having dreams. A.
Individuals do this to make the pain go away which ultimately they really just defense mechanisms (Gottdiener, Murawski, & Kucharski, 2008). “According to psychoanalytic conflict theory, defense mechanisms are activated when the individual experiences any form of displeasure, especially anxiety or depressive affect” (Brenner, 1982). Failures of ego control are related to individuals with substance use disorders. “Ego control refers to the efforts of the individual to control thoughts, emotions, impulses and ability to perform tasks and attention processes” (Baumeister & Vohs, 2004, p. 2). The article also addresses the result of consistent failures in ego control.
Freud (1929) developed the psychodynamic theory which proposes that abnormality is the result of intra-psychic conflict between three unconscious processes – the id, ego and super-ego. The purpose of the ego is to regulate and compromise between the id’s impulses and moral restrictions of the super-ego. According to this approach, schizophrenia is the consequence of regression back to a pre-ego stage. Abnormal upbringings, particularly with a hostile, rejecting ‘schizophrenogenic mother’ can weaken the ego. A weakened ego struggles to combat the desires of the id and consequently disintegrates, affording the id overall control of the psyche.
The schizophrenia and what you should know her: for people who do not suffer from schizophrenia and little have dealt with this disease, it is useful to compare with dreams to convey an impression of the peculiarities of the schizophrenic experience. The same during sleep, during an acute schizophrenia beyond the borders of reality and opens a world of experiences in part phantasmagorical. Laws of logic and the usual rules of life lost to be effective and actually impossible becomes seemingly possible. This situation can be accompanied by very different feelings often also of anguish. However, there is a fundamental difference between schizophrenia and sleep.
One of the themes that dominate Slessors poem, Sleep, is the idea that the act of sleep is wholly overlooked as a beauteous daily act and the cleansing affect it has on the mind, body and soul. The first stanza is constructed as a rhetorical question asking the audience if they will give themselves wholly to the unconscious act of sleep. The answer “yes utterly” is italicised to show that a second voice is present. Whilst this second voice may seem unnecessary it conveys to the audience how one must be fully consensual in surrendering themselves to the hands of sleep. The use of alliteration, “blindly and bitterly”, assonance, “carry you and ferry you”, and the repetition of the word “you” throughout the poem enforces a hypnotic beat which symbolises the steady beat of the human heart as a person sleeps.
An anxiety dream is an unpleasant dream that is less disturbing than a nightmare. Anxiety dreams are characterized by the feelings of unease, distress, or apprehension in the dreamer upon waking. Anxiety dreams occur in “rapid eye movement sleep”, and common dreams involve incomplete tasks, embarrassment, falling, or pursuit. Anxiety dreams may be caused by childhood trauma, an adult dealing with conflict, or an overload of stress. Though they create anxiety in the dreamer, anxiety dreams also serve as a way for a person's ego to re-set.