Member of the lowest caste would not have been able to pay a fine or secure a guarantor so they would lose their civil rights, be prohibited from practising a profession or being employed in any position of trust. Also they may be excluded from the participation in religious rites. Isolation within the community would be great and would act as a deterrent as the threat of exclusion was a major factor in upholding the law. As in Celtic Britain we still issue fines as a form of punishment, if fines are not paid the court can issue an order to seize the value of goods of the fine. We have community service rather than redemption by working on the land.
An offender would need a Guarantor to pay his fine should he be unable to pay. If an offender could not pay nor get a Guarantor, he would find himself isolated from his tribe in the lowest caste of society. The lowest caste did not have civil rights and may not have been allowed to participate in some religious rites. Further, an offender would not be allowed to continue with their profession nor work in any position of trust. The Celts would not actually punish an offender nor stand in the way of redemption, in fact this was encouraged but it would be solely down to the offender to earn his way back into his tribe.
If a person could not pay the fine, they would be an outcast with in the social tribe and isolated, they would be prevented from participating in religious rites and lose their civil rights too. Celts were a civilisation based on honour and acceptance, those committing crime had to redeem themselves back into the kinship of their tribe. The fear of losing their religious rites and their standing within the social tribe was enough to deter most Celts, to be isolated and seen as relegated to a lower member of the tribe would almost certainly deter reoffending. The Celts would impose sanctions upon law breakers as a community punishment, today this could compare to our system of community payback, whereby a person who has committed a crime would be ordered to do a certain amount of unpaid work as a way of repaying his community for his wrong doing. Until the payback had been fulfilled the person remains unpunished and not part of the rest of the law abiding society.
Some victims’ wish to have an apology from the person who committed the crime, some wish to have a relationship with that person and some just wish to be left to go about their lives through acceptance of what has happened. One of the most common ways victims’ achieve what they aspire is through what’s called Restorative Justice. Restorative justice is defined as a broad term which encompasses
We can see from research that present day punishments are very closely related to those used by the Celt’s and Romans. Below we see the Celtic ways and the changes that occurred due to the influence of the Romans. Celtic punishments were imposed by way of fines, restitution, deterrence and rehabilitation. While there were no prisons at this time the main methods of punishment are still used today. For offenders at this time fines were imposed according to economic status and a guarantee of ability to pay was needed.
If the Celtic offender could not pay then the responsibility fell on a family member with them having power to take assets, Very much like how the bail bond system works today. Also a common approach to punishment was and still is humiliation. Humiliation within the local community was to make it known that the offender had broke the law. Celtics were sent out to work the land as repayment for the crime committed. In modern times offenders are given a community service orders to repay their time back
Module 2 Crime and Order Maintenance in Celtic and Roman Britain Like most societies the Celts had strong beliefs regarding rights, privileges, and social duties which would be measured by social casting. For those committing a minor crime the Celts felt rehabilitation within the family was a way to rectify an offender, however if the offence was great enough the offender could find themselves in receipt of a fine that would be determined by social standing,wealth and profession. In the case of a fine a guarantor would be enlisted to insure that the fine would be paid,this would be a person of the same or higher social caste of the offender and the offenders rights to practice their profession or tend and own their own land could be revoked.
Introduction Official crime statistics (OCS) are widely used and commonly accepted by the media and the public since it is published by different enforcement agencies. It is mainly generated by police at different stages in the criminal justice process including arrest, prosecution, conviction, imprisonment, and parole (Jupp, 1989). Therefore, most of us will perceive it as ‘hard facts’. However, it is just part of the truth. As OCS is social construct, different actors involved in constructing the figures to distort the reality of crime.
If you decide you want to go through that path than it is what it is and don’t be * * surprise of the other criminals you have to deal with. The choices you made prove that you do not * * want to follow rules in our society so; your consequences are that you have to pay for those terrible * * choices. One model of a prison was the eastern state model. This was a model that was more about * * having people in a controlled setting and using the space in a humane way. In I really think this model * * is very effective and should be used more often.
An accomplice should be given a sentence but the mastermind who lead the crime should be punished more and should in turn suffer more for the crime they committed. It is important that the guilty person is aware of them being worse off that before in order for the punishment to be effective. This is called experimental harm. Everybody has different triggers and how they do things. And thus the crime due to provocation is not always justified.