Compare and contrast the ways in which the psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioural approaches to counselling and make use of the counselling relationship This essay will consider the psychodynamic and cognitive behavioural approaches to counselling and how each approach uses the counselling relationship. It will compare and contrast the ways that each method uses. It will first consider the theoretical understanding of the counselling relationship of the two approaches, it will then considering the way that this relationship is then used within counselling. The psychodynamic approach to counselling places most importance on using the relationship between the counsellor and the client to explore and consider the emotions and feelings that are creating a difficulty in the client’s present situation (McLeod, p.90). The psychodynamic approach evolved from psychoanalysis, founded by Sigmund Freud, who considered that people’s behaviours are influenced by their motives or dynamics.
behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and humanistic therapy. Going through the basic tenets of these approaches some similarities and dissimilarities can be found. The behavior therapy mainly focuses on “learning’s role in developing both normal and abnormal behaviors” (“Different approaches to psychotherapy”, n.d.). In this regard it can be said that behavior therapy differs from the approach called cognitive psychotherapy because the latter emphasizes more on the thought process than action. In other words, cognitive therapy “emphasizes what people think rather than what they do” (“Different approaches to psychotherapy”, n.d.).
In evaluating the pros and cons of psychosexual theory and helps us to understand a client’s presenting issue, I will define and consider the relationship between the Id, Ego and Superego and the way in which these are in many ways representative of earlier experiences and of those early situations and conflicts we faced. I will examine some of the criticisms that have been leveled at the Freudian theory in order to evaluate it. I will discuss how his theory would help in therapy to ascertain what the problem was, as well giving my own views, whether it would be useful in practice and if it would be enough to go on to offer adequate therapy to a client. Freud created a new perspective on the study of human behaviour where he focused on the unconscious instinct and urges rather than the conscious. Freud suggested that human nature was focused mainly on desire rather than reason and that it was our past experiences that determined our future behaviour and the development of our personality.
PHILOSOPHICAL PRINCIPLES & KEY CONCEPTS Aaron T. Beck developed his approach known as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy as a result of his work and observations with depressed clients. C.B.T. is based on fundamental assumptions that our thoughts can and do determine how we feel and behave in relation to events in our everyday lives and our environment. Beck contends that psychological problems or dysfunctional behaviour can occur as a result of faulty or distorted thinking and through engaging and employing C.B.T. techniques we can change or modify the way we think, to cause us to feel and act better even if our external situations and events do not change.
Roni Leighah Darcy - Beadle Process, Relationship and Change within Three Distinctive Approaches to Counselling and Psychotherapy This essay will discuss and contrast three approaches to counselling and psychotherapy, these being Gestalt Therapy, Jungian Analysis and Transactional Analysis. Each will be evaluated in terms of features of the therapeutic process and their contribution to client change, and the assumptions inherent within each approach about client change will be considered. It will look at how each approach influences the therapist-client encounter, and the strengths and shortcomings of each approach will be taken into consideration. Where appropriate, ethics and professional issues will be examined. Differences and similarities between the three approaches will be taken into account, and a synthesis of the approaches will be offered.
This was also the first “real” form of psychology (i.e. studying people’s behaviours and looking for their causes), which lead to the gradual expansion of psychology as a study itself. One the most basic assumptions of this approach is that our experiences in early childhood determine particular personality traits of ours as adults, as well as our general behavioural patterns and ways of thinking. Another assumption would be that the majority of our behaviour and personality is determined by unconscious motives. It is the product of an unconscious mind being driven by its most basic desires and emotions in coaction with our traits determined by our early childhood experiences.
The Systemic and Individual approach have both similarities and differences in treatments for clients. They both are interested in a clinets life story and agree that behavior affects both clients and those around them (Corey, 2017). However, the System appraoch finds that exploring family systems is more valuable than exploring an individuals experiances and perceptions. The systemic approach doesn't believe that change can occur unless the family system is altered. This is done by encouraging family memebers to attend therapy sessions with an individual.
“Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issue”. Introduction In this assignment I will evaluate Freud’s psychosexual theory and demonstrate that I have an understanding of this theory, examining the stages that clients are meant to go through according to freud and how its relationship to this theory effects a client’s presenting issue. I will also show how Freud’s theory has a relationship to a client’s neurotic behaviour, and look at some of the criticisms that this theory attracted from other critics, this will help me understand how it was used in practice. Freud’s greatest contribution to psychology was his theories involving psychosexual development, he had a very sexual way at looking at what happens to our mind from birth to teenage years, but before I begin to explain these in more detail we need to look at Freud himself to understand and have an idea on what sort of man he was. Freud was born in the Czech Republic on 6th May 1856, his parents were practicing Jews and were very religious, but as Freud grew up he himself, even though being a Jew never practised.
Developmental theories that influenced modern psychotherapy and supervision It is accepted that relation between therapist and client, and supervisor and supervisee are analog and similar to the parent – child relation (Hans Strupp) in the way that these relations are reparative and that they can often heal in the present deficits of the past experience between child and caretakers. It's through relationships with caregivers and other people that children learn how to apply and use their emotions, expressions, and emotional understanding that influence their being in later periods of their lives. In connection with this, for gestalt therapists is very important, considering theory of gestalt therapy, to be aware that there are other important and contributing factors except infant experiences, that also strongly influences our life and that we can not put exclusive emphasize on the early experiences. We believe that life is much more than past and that it is shaping in every moment of our life with present experiences, context and supposed future. Also, in gestalt therapy we believe that contact (relation) is in the hart of healing processes.
According to Freud, even though the unconscious is hidden it still continues to sway our behaviours. It is important in counselling to have an understanding of the unconscious mind because it is the counsellor main goal to help their client become aware of their unconscious mind therefore helping them to understand and alter that problem behaviour. 5. List the three different aspects of personality identified by Freud. Briefly explain how they relate to each other.