During Reconstruction, Congress passed several laws to protect blacks' civil rights. The 13th Amendment., adopted in 1865, abolished slavery in the United States. In 1868, the 14th Amendment made the former slaves citizens. It also provided that the states must grant all people within their jurisdiction "equal protection of the laws." The 15th Amendment prohibited the states from denying people the right to vote because of their race.
By: David Kim Chicago Housing Authority The Chicago Housing Authority was first established in 1937, and was built under President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Chicago Housing Authority provided housings for the people who receives low income, or people that are having trouble with poverty. Chicago Housing Authority also dealt with segregation between the African-Americans and the whites. However, HUD took over in 1995 after seeing the poor performance and mismanagement and within that same year, high-rise buildings were demolished in order to redevelop this entire community. HUD abolished segregation and allowed middle-class families to join with the lower class, creating a harmonizing community.
Politically liberal, the Durrs became her friends. They encouraged and eventually helped sponsor Parks in the summer of 1955 to attend the Highlander Folk School, an education center for activism in workers' rights and racial equality in Monteagle, Tennessee. Around the start of the 20th century, the former Confederate states had passed new constitutions and electoral laws that effectively disfranchised black voters and, in Alabama, many poor white voters as well. Under the white-established Jim Crow laws, passed after Democrats regained control of southern legislatures, racial segregation was imposed in public facilities and retail stores in the South, including public transportation. Bus and train companies enforced seating policies with separate sections for blacks and whites.
He passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which ended segregation in public places. It also ended discrimination of any kind in the work place. Both Kennedy and Johnston helped to reach the goal of racial equality in the
Martin Luther King JR. Martin Luther King Jr. was a leader of the American Civil Rights movement. During the 1950’s and 1960’s, this movement helped African Americans gain the same rights as whites. During Martin’s lifetime, African Americans and whites were segregated. Laws also separated all blacks and whites in public places like theaters and restaurants .The laws also made it hard for blacks to vote and to get a good education. It also limited job opportunities for blacks.
It also called for a federal law punishing lynching. He issued executive orders ending segregation in the armed forces and prohibiting job discrimination in all government agencies. administration published "To Secure These Rights" in 1947a drive was started in 1948 to end discrimination in federal employmentin 1950, the Supreme Court all but overturned what is referred to as Plessy v Ferguson. These were a series of laws dating from 1896 which effectively approved the "Jim Crow" segregation laws that characterised the South. The laws introduced the "separate but equal" philosophy of the south - but with the backing of the highest legal body in America.
On July 2, 1964 the Civil Rights Act was made law. It was a landmark piece of legislation in the Untied States that outlawed major forms of discrimination against blacks and women, including racial segregation. In schools, at the workplace and by facilities that served the general public ended in unequal application of voter registration requirements and racial segregation. Powers that were given to enforce the act were initially weak, but were supplemented during later years, Congress stated its authority to legislate under several different parts of the Untied States Constitution, principally its power to regulate interstate commerce under Article One, its duty to guarantee all citizens equal protection of the laws under the Fourteenth Amendment and its duty to protect voting rights under the Fifteenth Amendment. John F. Kennedy, who was president at the time asked in his Civil Rights speech on June 11, 1963 that “giving all Americans the right to be served in facilities which are open to the public- hotels, restaurants, theaters, retail stores, and similar establishments,” as he also asked for “greater protection for the right to vote.” Imitating the Civil Rights Act of 1875, Kennedy's civil rights bill included changes to ban discrimination in
The bravery of Rosa Parks inspired the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott, which is a major key turning point because it showed the importance of black people in the economy; one million dollars was lost during the 1 year boycott. Non-violent methods of Gandhi adopted by King, also helped the movement spread and gain respect from Federal Government and even non blacks. King’s Ideology helped influence more organizations such as the success of the Greensboro sit-in by the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). This is a key turning point as it leads to the desegregation of public places. Use of technology in the civil rights campaign is also a key turning point for the campaign as during the 60’s further advancements were made by national broadcasts showing ill treatment of activist in places such as Birmingham and Selma in Alabama, expanding further support for the Civil rights campaign internationally.
Civil Rights Essay The African-American Civil Rights Movement was a movement to end segregation and racial inequality for African Americans and to allow them the right to vote. It took place in the 1950’s and 60’s, but movements for racial equality are still going on today. Especially after World War II, African Americans that served in the war believed that if they were risking their life for their country, then they should be able to enjoy the same freedoms as any other man. During this time period, African-Americans took great measures and sacrifices to insure that they were treated equally within American society. The African-American Civil Rights Movement became the greatest movement in history to provide racial equality, and ensure African Americans justice in the prejudice society in which they live.
In 1955 a year after the first Brown V. Board of Education case Rosa Parks stood her ground in a bus. Making another huge impact in the U.S. Causing boycotts and protests, mainly led by Martin Luther King Junior. The case even paved the way for the Civil Rights Act of 1964 which was then followed by the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act of 1968, both were monumental in the fight for Civil Rights. Private Schools even had to participate in the ruling also, In 1974, in the Runyon V. McCrary Court Case, the verdict was that if a private school didn't want to enroll a student because of race was violating civil right laws.