1721 was a crucial year in America regarding disease and illness, especially in colonial America. From April through December, 5,889 Bostonians had smallpox, and 844 died of it. October was the worst month, with 411 deaths. Smallpox caused more than three quarters of all the deaths in Boston that year. Prior to the outbreak, the town contained 10,600 people.
More than three million children under the age of five died in 2013 from sub-Saharan Africa, because of not receiving the required three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (Wiysonge, 2015). By 2014, 77% of children in Africa received their childhood vaccinations, this is a significant improvement compared to only 5% in 1980. Despite these achievement, childhood vaccinations are lagging. Wiysonge (2015) states that African dropped the ball, in 2015 the target was to have at least 90% of children across the continent vaccinated with all three doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussi; but only 38% of African countries achieved this target (Wiysonge, 2015). Wiysonge (2015) states that government leaders should be held accountable for countries not meeting the agreed targets.
After the implementation and licensure of the live measles vaccine in 1963 the number of cases significantly dropped by 1988 in the U.S... However, in 1989-1991, the number of cases began to rise. 55,000 cases were reported with 495 deaths reported from measles. This increase was blamed on preschool aged children who had not been vaccinated with one dose of vaccine. Outbreaks were also reported in children who had been given one dose of vaccine.
Most cases are from international exposure during traveling. In 1989-91 there were 55,622 cases of measles in the US. There were 123 deaths. Measles was more prevalent in Hispanic and Blacks. Cause of the outbreak was a decreased vaccination rate.
A case study is examined to illustrate possible approaches to care and personal reflections of the author will be shared regarding issues of teenage pregnancy. In 2009 almost 410,000 infants were born to United States teenage girls between the ages of 15 and 19. Nearly two-thirds of births to women younger than 18 and more than half of those among 18 and 19-year-olds were a result of unintended pregnancies (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). This represents a teen birth rate as much as nine times greater than other developed countries and is especially high among black and Hispanic teens in southern states (Vital signs: teen pregnancy, 2011). Those at highest risk of teen pregnancy are girls from single parent homes, families with low socioeconomic status, and girls with a sister who became pregnant as a teenager (Talashek, Alba, & Patel, 2006).
Particularly, southern and western African countries such as, Congo, Burundi, Tanzania and Gambia, Burkina-Faso, Togo and southern part of Madagascar. c) What is the monthly death toll of children by malaria? In what age range are most children that are killed by the disease? (1pt) Around 15000 children are killed each month by malaria globally and most of the victims are children age 5 or younger. d) What were the two drawbacks
The majority of food borne illnesses originates from malnutrition or obesity. Therefore over consumption and under consumption are equally treacherous. Based on a recent survey conducted by the World Health Organization in 2009, out of the nine and a half million people living in Haiti, about thirty thousand reported to have been infected with Tuberculosis (World Health
According to the World Health Organization (2003) the most infectivity was from people experiencing symptoms of respiratory illness and declining health (World Health Organization, 2003). According to Kamps and Hoffman (n.d.), “Areas with cases detected before the recommendations were issued, namely Vietnam, Hong Kong, Singapore and Toronto, experienced the largest and most severe outbreaks, all characterized by chains of secondary transmission outside the healthcare setting”(Kamps & Hoffman, 2003). A3. According to Chan-Yeung and Xu in an article in Respirology (2003) at the end of the SARS outbreak the total global cases were 8,422 with 916 deaths. The virus affected all
Secondhand smoke is especially harmful to young children. Secondhand smoke is responsible for between 150,000 and 300,000 lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children under 18 months of age, resulting in between 7,500 and 15,000 hospitalizations each year, and causes 430 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) deaths in the United States annually. (California Environmental Protection Agency, 2005) The Smokeless…Campaign will focus primarily on decreasing exposure of second hand smoke to tribal members especially children. The information collected from surveys has identified the need for decreasing second hand smoke exposure. The number of children and adults seeking medical attention for health conditions related to exposure to second hand smoke is rising.
These diseases are seen not only in the adult population but in our children as well. With the obese and overweight child population the disease processes lead to early adult mortality as well as childhood hypertension, diabetes, and psychological health problems (World health Organization, 2011). These diseases are non-communicable yet have mortality rates that parallel those of communicable status. Research from the U.N Global Health Decade states that these same diseases were responsible for 36 million death across the globe, with hypertension being responsible for 13% of early mortality, physical inactivity being six percent, and overweight and obesity five percent. According to the numbers reported in the 2011 Global Health profiles 73.5% of all males, and 68.2% of all females in the United States were overweight, whereas 31.1 and 34.8% prospectively were