Illnesses caused by viruses: Chickenpox, Common Cold, Hepatitis, Herpes, HIV, Influenza, Measles, Mumps, Noravirus, etc. Illnesses caused by fungi: Athlete’s Foot, Ringworm, Thrush ( Candida ), etc. Illnesses caused by parasites: Fleas, Lice, Scabies, Worms, Amoebic Dysentery, Malaria, etc. 3. Describe what is meant by “infection” and “colonisation” Infection is the invasion of the host organism’s bodily tissues by disease-causing organisms, they multiplication and the reaction of the body to these organisms and toxins they produce.
Causes and spread of infection 1.1 identify the differences between bacteria,viruses,fungi and parasites. bacteria Bacteria is a single celled organism and can be found in almost any substance/surface and also in the human body, only 1% of bacteria is actually harmful. It's bad or infectious bacteria that cause illness as they rapidly reproduce and produce a toxin that kills or mutates cells, bacteria is also living organism. Viruses A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seen directly with a light microscope, All viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, When a virus enters the body, it enters some certain cells and takes over making the now host cell make the parts the virus needs to reproduce, the cells are eventually destroyed through this process.
Parasites can cause disease in humans. Some parasitic diseases are easily treated and some are not. The burden of these diseases often rests on communities in the tropics and subtropics, but parasitic infections also affect people in developed countries. Bacteria, fungi and viruses are all very different from one another. A big
Superbugs are a class of bacteria and viruses which have changed or mutated, becoming resistant or immune to antibiotics. One example of a superbug is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA. Staphylococcus aureus also known as Golden staph is bacteria commonly found on the skin and in the noses of healthy people and it is usually harmless unless it enters into the body (Mosher, 2012). MRSA is most often transmitted by direct physical contact and not through the air. However there can be indirect contact by touching objects such as towels, sheets, wound dressings, clothes, sports equipment and workout areas contaminated by the infected skin of a person with MRSA (Gilboy, 2011).
However, these bacteria do not grow in the air – conditioners in cars or windows (Centers for Disease Control, 2011). The Legionella species is a group of intracellular pathogens which survive well in aquatic environments. There are different species and serotypes of Legionella. The one that is responsible for most of the lower respiratory tract infections is the L.pneumophila serotype 1. There are other human pathogens which were documented as members also of the Legionella species.
They live on or in their host for an extended period of time. Fungi comes in many different forms, some of which we eat (such a yeast and mushrooms). Other forms include moulds. Some forms of fungi can cause serious harm to humans. 2.2 Identify Common Illnesses and Infections Caused by Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Parasites * Bacteria – Salmonella, E-coli, tetanus, typhoid fever, cholera * Virus – Aids, common cold, cold sores, influenza * Fungi – Athletes Foot, candidoses, ringworm * Parasites – Ticks, fleas, lungworm 2.3 Describe what is Meant by ‘Infection’ and ‘Colonisation’ Infection is the invasion of a living host’s bodily tissue by disease causing organisms that multiply in the body and cause illness.
Parasites: a parasite can be a bacteria, a virus, a fungus, algae, plant or animal. It lives in or on its host, at the expense of the host. There are many different types of parasite. A parasite gets
1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria Lyme disease, Tuberculosis, tetanus, MRSA, whooping cough Viruses Polio, Norovirus, common cold, flu, chicken pox Fungi Ringworm, athletes foot, oral thrush Parasites Worms, ticks, lice, mites 1.3 Describe what is meant by 'infection' and 'colonisation' Infection Infection is the invasion on bodily tissues by disease causing microorganisms Colonisation Colonisation is when an invasion of disease or bacteria populate a specific area of the body which can cause the body's immune system to break down. 1.4 Explain what is meant by 'systemic infection' and 'localised infection' Systemic infection This is where infection spreads throughout the whole body or affects several organs or tissues. Conditions like type 2 diabetes or AIDS are examples of this. Localised infection This is confined to one organ system or area in the body e.g. abscess or boil.
Unit IC02 Cause and spread of infection outcome 1 1.Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites Bacteria – bacteria are extremely small singular organisms which are found almost everywhere. Viruses – it is a coated genetic material that invades cells and use’s the cells apparatus for reproduction.Fungi – it is a multi-celled living organismParasites – they are types of living plants and animals that derive benefit from the metabolism of other animals and plants. 2. common illness and infection caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria – Food poisoning, bronchitis, ear infections, tonsillitis. Viruses – common cold, stomach flu,warts .Fungi – Athletes foot, ring worm, yeast infection.Parasites – worms, malaria, trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) 3. describe what is meant by infection and colonisation Infection – is an invasion to body tissues from a disease- caused micro-organism.Colonisation – is multiplication of micro-organisms without tissue invasion or damage. 4. explain what is meant by systemic infection and localised infection Systemic – is when infection is distributed throughout the whole body.Localized – is when infection is limited to a specific part of the body.
When MRSA infects skin, a swollen, red area develops, and it is usually painful. MRSA skin infections may develop pus or weep other fluids. If left untreated, a MRSA skin infection can go progressively deeper into the body, infecting blood and organs. Symptoms of MRSA infection can include chills, cough, chest pain, fever, fatigue, muscle aches, rashes, shortness of breath and a general feeling of malaise. The worst and final symptom of progressed MRSA infection is death Read more: http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/05/08/mrsa-antibiotic-resistant-bug-that-has-health-officials-worried/#ixzz2UnSQcGzS When MRSA infects skin, a swollen, red area develops, and it is usually painful.