Causes and Consequences of Induced Abortion

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CHAPTER ONE 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Information of the Study According to MoH definition induced abortion is “the termination of pregnancy before fetal viability, which is conventionally taken to be less than twenty eight weeks from the last normal menstrual period. If the last normal menstrual period is not known, a birth weight of less than 1000g is considered as abortion” (MoH 2006:3). Unplanned pregnancy most of the time results in induced abortion which causes severe health problems like infertility and death mainly in developing countries (MoH 2006). WHO estimates that about 600,000 annual pregnancy-related maternal deaths occur worldwide, of this estimate an average of thirteen percent is due to unsafe abortion. Every year over 70,000 women die and millions more suffer injuries as a result of unsafe abortion (WHO 2007). WHO defined unsafe abortion as “a procedure for terminating an unwanted pregnancy either by persons lacking the necessary skills or in an environment lacking the minimal medical standards, or both” (WHO 1993). There are estimates of seventy six million pregnancies that occur each year in developing countries that are unwanted (WHO, 2007). An estimated of 42 million pregnancies were induced in 2003 world-wide out of which 48% were unsafe (Gilda S. et al 2007) . The vast majority of unsafe abortion (97%) was in developing countries. Un-safe abortion accounts for 14% of all maternal deaths in sub-Saharan Africa where half of the maternal deaths occur (Yirgu G. and Tippawan L. 2008). According to Ethiopian the Ministry of Health (2006), in Ethiopia about 32% of all maternal deaths are the result of complications related to unsafe abortion. Abortion is the second leading cause of death for women, after tuberculosis (MoH, 2006). It is estimated that annually 2 million to 4.4 million abortions among adolescents occur in developing

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