Cardiovascular Function Introduction: Cardiovascular function involves the distribution of oxygen and blood to cells of organs, tissues and muscles in the human body, and returns deoxygenated blood and wastes for disposal. It maintains body temperature and pH. An average adult contains 4.7 to 5.7 litres of blood. ‘A person’s pulse is the throbbing of their arteries as an affect of the heart beat’. Pressure waves travel throughout the blood vessels, which can be felt by the further movement of the blood.
The heart consists of 2 ventricles, and also 2 atria. There is a right atrium and also ventricle, this is where the blood comes from the veins. The deoxygenated blood then goes into the right atrium of the heart. Blood is released from the atrium and goes into the right ventricle, this happens when the heart relaxes, this is where the right ventricle pushes blood in through pulmonary valve and eventually into pulmonary artery, this is the place where the blood its given to the lungs because to get back oxygen. Lastly the blood is then given back to hearts left side.
Could Exercise Really Play a Role in Your Health? Blood Pressure Could Exercise Really Play a Role in Your Health? Blood Pressure Introduction Blood pressure (BP) is defined “as the pressure the blood exerts against any unit area of the blood vessel walls, and it is generally measured in the arteries. Because the heart alternately contracts and relaxes, the resulting rhythmic flow of blood into the arteries causes the blood pressure to rise and fall during each beat. Thus you must take two blood pressure readings: the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries at the peak of ventricular ejection, and the diastolic pressure, which reflects the pressure during ventricular relaxation.
The left ventricular hypertrophy is the most common type of hypertrophic heart disease. The cause is hypertension, which increases the afterload on the left ventricle. Cardiomegaly is often detected on an anterior-posterior chest x-ray (AP CXR). The standard method for measuring heart size on AP CXR is known as the Danzer Method, and it involves measuring the distance from the midline of the spine to the most lateral aspect of the cardiac apex (distance B, in the image below), and adding this distance to that found from the same midline to the most lateral aspect of the right atrium (distance A). Cardiomegaly can also be diagnosed on CT scan.
As the heart rate increases, the amount of blood going in to the heart also increases but the volume of blood that goes into the ventricles for oxygenation does not pumped out of the heart all at once. When the right ventricle is filled with blood prior to contraction, it is called the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and when the left ventricle pumps blood out the residual blood in the left ventricle is called end-systolic volume (ESV) (Klabunde, 2007). The amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle is the stroke volume. For example an average healthy heart at rest takes in approximately 100ml of blood prior to contraction (EDV), and when the heart contracts the remaining volume of blood in the left ventricle is 40ml (ESV). The difference between 100ml (EDV) and 40ml (ESV) equals 60ml (SV) (Klabunde, 2007).
Chapter 18 Practice Quiz 2 1. Heart valves function to A. pump the blood B. prevent clots from entering the heart C. direct the blood flow through the heart D. measure the blood pressure 2. The right and left atrioventricluar valves open when the A. atria contract B. papillary muscles contract C. atria relax D. ventricles contract 3. During atrial systole, the upper chambers contract and open the AV valves so that blood can be pumped into the A. ventricles B. veins C. atria D. arteries 4. Blood flows past the aortic semilunar valve when the contracts.
The causes for homeostatic imbalance in hypertension are medication, weight, smoking, heredity, drinking, external stressors, age, disease, and race. The reason the feedback system cannot maintain homeostasis is because of the different effectors causing the arteries to constrict, thus causing your blood pressure to rise. If you don’t contain a homeostatic balance in the cardiovascular system, you at risk for having heart attacks, kidney damage, vision issues, strokes, and problems with the aorta. This is how I would explain hypertension to a 63 year old man with an 8th grade education. I would begin by explaining that blood pressure is the force that your blood exerts on your arteries.
As the now oxygenated blood flows back through the left atrium, it does so under increased pressure. However, the mitral valve which is made up of two triangular flaps, prevents blood from flowing back into the atrium once it enters the left ventricle atrium and instead continuing its journey through to the aorta. http://www.healthline.com/human-body-maps/mitral-valve The aortic valve: The aortic valve is located between the
The contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle during the cardiac cycle allows blood to flow around the body. Systolic pressure is when the left ventricles contract and pushes blood into the aorta. (Waugh and Grant 2001). Diastolic pressures occur when the ventricles relax and there is the minimum pressure of blood against the blood vessel wall, following closure of the aortic valve closes. (Marieb and Hoehn 2010).
Blood pressure and analysis Recording of Blood pressure and analysis of B/P reading Explain how blood pressure is measured using an aneroid sphygmomanometer? An aneroid sphygmomanometer is an instrument for measuring blood pressure in the arteries, especially one consisting of a pressure gauge and a rubber cuff that wraps around the upper arm and inflates to constrict the arteries. (www.answers.com) The principle of measurement consists in recording not the blood pressure directly in the artery but the arterial counter pressure by squeezing the artery on which the pressure is measured. The doctor uses a cuff, which will be gradually filled with air to press the artery below. The doctor/ nurse listens to, using his stethoscope, to the noise emitted by blood at the time of its passage in the artery.