Bicycles for Urban Transport

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Urban issues related to health, environmental sustainability, and quality of life make the news on a regular basis. Toronto recently scored the worst of 19 major cities in a survey measuring commuting times, evidence of the transportation problems that urban residents are forced to cope with everyday1 . Toronto politicians have been engaged in a fierce debate over the preferred method of expanding public transportation infrastructure that will cost billions of dollars.2 Meanwhile, advocates for “Active Transportation” suggest that for some urban residents, bicycling and walking can be inexpensively incorporated into their daily commute. Bicycling for transportation is an underutilized mode of transport in Toronto, like many North American cities, with approximately 2% of trips being taken by bicycle (Pucher et al. 2011, P.459) Recent travel survey data shows that 44 percent of all trips in urban areas are 2 miles or less, and 68 percent of these short trips are driven in a vehicle, and many people drive to destinations as close as one mile3 . In countries like Canada with low rates of bicycle use for transportation, females are also significantly less likely to cycle than in countries with higher rates of bicycle use. Only 29% of bike commuters in Canada are women (Pucher et al. 2011, 455). As an active cyclist, it is puzzling to me that cycling has not been more widely adopted in Toronto. Given the low rate of cycling, the mainstream culture of North American cities can see bicycle use as an outlier or a recreational activity, and not as a 1 http://www.thestar.com/news/gta/transportation/article/787400--toronto-commuting-times-worst-of-19- major-cities-study-says 2 http://www.toronto.ca/legdocs/mmis/2012/cc/bgrd/backgroundfile-45908.pdf 3 National Household Travel Survey:

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