The behaviorism start to make the field of psychology a mainstream scientific by observing one behavior. The field of psychoanalysis is another school of thought. Sigmund Freud best known for his work in psychoanalysis. Psychoanalysis is a term that was used to refer the different parts of Freud's research, which would include the Freudian therapy and how he developed this theories through his research. Psychoanalysis deals with the thoughts and motivations that are outside of our awareness which is influence our behavior.
Last the discussion turns to Sigmund Freud (1856-1939). At the turn of the 20th century psychoanalysis emerged from Sigmund Freud. Freud approach was based on an individuals unconscious, which is the thoughts, attitudes, impulses, wishes, motivations, and emotions, which individuals are unaware of. Freud believed the human mind has three elements, such as id, ego, and superego. Psychodynamic understanding meanings to indicate underlying wishes, fears, and patterns of thought from individuals conscious, verbalized thought, and behavior (Kowalski, & Westen,
They both studied different ideas, and preached different views about how our mind functioned. While Maslow focused on the humanistic aspect of our personality, Jung focused on the psychoanalytic aspect. However, they were both inspired by two great people. Carl Jung was deeply influenced by Sigmund Freud who happens to be the father of psychoanalysis. Though he dismissed Freudian theory that stated that human personality was defined by their sexual drive and desires, he established that we have 2 states of unconscious.
This is the contradicting of Jung. Jung has analysis himself to experience the unconscious through his dreams and fantasia Jung believe that he was strong enough to make dangerous journey and come back to talk about it. His goal was to understand the unconscious from the purpose viewpoint of scientist. Ellis thoughts are that society is more disturbs and it more inclusive and exact “people disturb themselves by thing that have happen to them. And by the view, feelings, and actions” (p16) Horney’s (1950) also Adler writes that our Emotional reactions and lifestyle are associated with our basic beliefs and are therefore cognitively created.
Contrast Sigmund Freud’s view of human nature with the view of Abraham Maslow. With which, if either, view do you agree? 4. Altruism refers to behavior that helps others but does not appear to help the person performing the behavior. Describe an example of altruistic behavior, and state how a psychodynamic psychologist might explain the behavior.
As far as James was concerned, the most important thing about this theory was that it had a purpose. James emphasized that humans were both rational and irrational, or also can be thought of as being emotional. When looking at the functionalistic movement, three theorists come to mind, John Dewey (1859-1932), James R. Angell (1869-1949), and William James (1842-1910). All of these great theorists had different views on this theory. John Dewey, who wrote “The Reflex Are concept in Psychology”, attacked the growing tendency in psychology to isolate a stimulus-response relationship for study.
It was referred to as phrenology, and is primarily concerned with the localization of brain function. Franz Josef Gall was a phrenologist who could prove his theory of contra lateral function which believed that the right side of the brain controlled the left side of the body and vice versa. New innovative advancements during the 19th century allowed for new clinical studies to be performed that allowed scientists and psychologists to study individuals with mental illnesses and brain damage. If we wouldn’t had the advancements in the 19th century scientists and psychologists would have continued to struggle to prove theories on the basis of ideas rather than scientific evidence. Conclusion The history of todays psychology has been influenced by many important people throughout time.
The behavioral perspective indicates that the reasoning for abnormal behavior is because there is inadequate learning and conditioning. The cognitive perspective believes abnormal behavior is because of false assumptions of particular thoughts and behaviors. The social-cultural perspective defines abnormal behavior as behavior learned from the environment. Abnormal psychology has evolved into a scientific discipline over centuries of research. Abnormal psychology has been studied and examined for answers over these centuries.
Behaviorism insists the importance of behavior in psychology rather than consciousness. Behaviorism emphases subjective consciousness should be abandoned, and all the mental activities are actually physical activities. As for the methods of behaviorism, it abandons the introspection and use some objective ways such as objective observation, conditioned reflexes, or some other ways. Except John Watson, so many psychologists established some important ideas and have some debates about behaviorism. Considering the contribution of the establishing and development of behaviorism, Ivan M. Sechenov, Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, Vladimir M. Bechterev, John B. Watson, and William McDougall are the most influential ones.
The Psychoanalysis Perspective Abstract. Sigmund Freud, the Father of Personality Psychology, highlights many theories in his writings. Most noted in this paper was the Psychoanalytic Perspective, which gives an in-depth view of determinism, the importance of conflict, early experience, infantile sexuality, and most illustrious the importance of unconscious motivation. This theory assumed that there exist three levels of consciousness in which the human mind functions. People did not come to accept his theory at first, but after much testing it was proven mostly valid and reliable.