That is where depression comes in. The people that have a hard time dealing with the changes of life are more likely to deal with this illness. When there is no support available for these individuals with depression, it often gets overlooked since depression manifests itself in an older person as them being resistant against the aging process. The purpose of this study was to research how depression
The diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia can be criticised as unreliable due to the chances of misdiagnosis. This criteria appears to be straight forward but in fact can be very confusing to other psychologist that are attempting to diagnose a certain patient as it may be difficult to agree precisely how serious their schizophrenic state is, or in fact if they have it at all. The possibility of symptom overlap could arise when, for example, manic depression vs. schizophrenia has occurred. In the early 1970’s this issue became clear when a study showed that in the US 20% were diagnosed with schizophrenia in 1930s but then rose to 80% in the 1950, where as in London this remained at 20% (Cooper et al). This could be due to several factors that also allow room for debate whether this criteria is effective.
J Psychiatr Res 33(6):513-521. Lewis SW, Murray RM (1987), Obstetric complications, neurodevelopmental deviance, and the risk of schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 21(4):413-421. Procopio M (2005), Does god play dice with schizophrenia? A probabilistic model for the understanding of causation in mental illness.
Looking at the case there would have been a high level of anxiety amongst the witnesses when they were interviewed on site as they would have been in shock at what had happened, thus the inconsistencies with their statements.The Yerkes-Dodson law provides evidence to support my statement. It showed, that when there were low or very high levels of anxiety memory recall was low, and when a moderate amount of anxiety was evident the memory recall was the best. This proves that the high level of anxiety in the witnesses in their first statement may have corrupted the overall result of the case. Further studies by Elizabeth Loftus also support the fact that anxiety plays a major role in a EWT. She staged an experiment in which participants (Ps) were put in two different situations.
The main problem is that in most cases family members share the same environment so it can be argued that it was the environment that caused them to equally learn the behaviour instead of the genetic relationship. Twin studies offer more reliable data but unfortunately not many twin studies have been conducted. Also the lack in empirical research indicates that there is very little support for the genetic influence in anxiety disorders. Another explanation for phobias is the neurological explanation which is based on the functioning of the autonomic nervous system. Research has shown that people who develop phobias are those who generally maintain a high level of physiological arousal which makes them sensitive to the external environment.
The author will examine the limitations and restrictions of CBT in the wider principles of mental healthcare provision and consider how the application of CBT within the practice of Mental Health Nursing can influence the possible future development and advancement, of new nursing models/concepts of nursing practice, in particular the author will examine the impact of CBT with the recovery process. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy was founded by Aaron Beck in the late 1960’s and is based on the concept of irrational cognitive processes which have been learned and maintained through enforcement. Beck describes cognitive therapy as ‘…. An active, directive, time-limited, structured approach used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders (for example, depression, anxiety, phobias, pain problems (Beck et al 1976). The cognitive model assumes that clients have a negative view of themselves, their environment and the future.
The United States Judicial System and Racial Profiling ENG 122 Lisa M. Carlo May 27, 2013 The United States Judicial System and Racial Profiling There is reluctance in American society to talk about race and crime because race is a touchy subject. Everything in today's society has to be politically correct. One has to be very careful what they write or say because of the fear of what might happen if someone misunderstood what the real meaning to their statement was. For that reason, when a person talks about race and crime many individuals may interpret their opinions differently. Therefore, many people try to avoid talking about such controversial subjects.
The issue of whether all mental illnesses stem from a clear psychological background or wether they are socially constructed is a big factor in the argument of whether mental illness is infact a medical gaze. This research essay will address the question, is mental illness one example of the medical/clinical gaze? Why? Why not? This essay will argue that mental illness is not as such an example of the medical gaze, but that more so the medical gaze has played a role in determining the discourse of mental illness.
(Schwartz 2000). Weir and Oie 1996 described the classification system as a functional, standardised and validated mean of grouping objects and phenomena. A mental health professional classify the disorder according to the patterns of behaviour, thought and emotion. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (text revision) (DSM- IV- TR) (American Psychiatric Association 2000) and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD- 10 – AM) (WHO 1992) was a product of research developed as the universal system of classification. An understanding of the system classification allows mental health professionals to communicate effectively and professionally to other health disciplines in participating collaboratively in the patient’s care, to contribute to clinical problem solving and in attributing appropriate therapy interventions (Clinton & Nelson 1996).
For example, in the United States in the 1950’s, it was common for middle class white Americans to be considered “good”, whereas non-white Americans living in poverty were to be considered “bad” or even “dangerous”. Moreover, they are defined by power relationships wherein the dominant culture exerts power over the minority cultures through defining a specific race, class, gender, or sexuality and thus excluding from the society’s resources or something of this sort. Weber also explores the relationship between the social makeup of race, class, gender, and sexuality and then the effect that has on the individual. For example, in the United States in the 1970s, the middle class was almost exclusively made up of white heterosexual families and the upper class even more so. Today, the middle and upper classes are available to any race or sexuality.